Abstrict A cat litter box includes a tray on which the litter is deposited
with the tray being inset within a base having inwardly converging
bottom walls defining a sump for the collection of liquid waste.
A valve is carried by the bottom walls and has a control rod extending
outwardly through a base skirt to receive a handle. The litter is
of a nonabsorbent type having a smooth exterior surface to facilitate
cleaning. The base supports the tray both for cleaning when in place
on the rim of a toilet bowl and when on a floor surface.
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A pet litter box, comprising:
(a) a tray, including an upstanding wall and perforate bottom means
for supporting a quantity of litter, said bottom means defining
a plurality of openings through which liquid waste is free to pass;
(b) a base supporting said tray, said base including an upstanding
support wall and means for supporting said litter box temporarily
in a stable upright position on a toilet bowl with said tray supported
on said base;
(c) sump means, located within said base, for collecting all of
said liquid waste which passes through said openings in said bottom
means, said sump means having an outlet;
(d) valve means, associated with said outlet of said sump means,
for regulating liquid discharge from said sump means and said base
into said toilet bowl; and
(e) control means, spaced apart from said valve means, for remotely
operating said valve means, said control means being located adjacent
said means for supporting said base in a position which is accessible
when said base is supporting said litter box on said toilet bowl.
2. The pet litter box of claim 1 further including handholds.
3. The pet litter box of claim 2 wherein said upstanding support
wall of said base further comprises upstanding front, rear and end
walls, and said base further comprises bottom walls respectively
extending slopingly downward therefrom toward said means for supporting,
said end walls and said bottom walls of said base forming convenient
handholds for carrying said litter box and wherein said means for
supporting further includes a front and said control means is located
on said front.
4. The pet litter box of claim 1 said control means including
a handle, and said means for supporting including a base wall having
a lower edge defining a horizontal plane corresponding with a planar
surface on which said litter box may be supported, said control
means being located on said base wall of said base with said handle
located in such a location that opening said valve means requires
said handle to move through said horizontal plane defined by said
lower edge, so that said handle prevents said valve means from being
opened when the litter box is in place on a planar surface extending
beyond said base wall.
5. The pet litter box of claim 1 further comprising a quantity
of non-absorbent litter supported by said tray.
Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns litter boxes of the type used in
the home for the reception of liquid and solid waste matter.
In wide use are receptacles filled with particulate, usually absorbent,
which absorbs liquid waste and receives solid waste matter. Regular
cleaning of such receptacles is an arduous, disagreeable task in
that the saturated material and solid waste must be removed and
the receptacle cleaned and recharged with fresh, absorbent material.
U.S. Pat. No. 4444148 discloses a litter box using particulate
coated with wax to inhibit absorbency to permit liquid waste to
pass downwardly to collection tray which may be provided with absorbent
sheet material such as newsprint which eventually must be removed
when saturated during a cleaning operation. The coated granules
are formed from waste material e.g., ground corn cob, and treated
with a wax coating. Other granular material is proposed which is
also coated to retard absorbency.
U.S. Pat. No. 2971493 discloses a litter box comprised of inner
and outer boxes with the inner box provided with a layer of filtering
material such as sand while the lower box serves to collect liquid
waste.
A problem exists in known litter boxes in that they present a difficult
task in periodical treating of same in that a mass of saturated
particulate must be disposed of, the container cleaned and the box
recharged with fresh, absorbent material. Further, it is desireable
that solid waste be periodically separated and removed from the
absorbent material between those instances where the litter material
is removed and replaced.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention provides a solution to the previously described
problems by providing a portable cat litter box including a collection
area for liquid waste with valve means for periodically discharging
such waste.
A litter box according to the present invention includes a tray
having a perforate bottom on which a quantity of particulate material
is supported with the particulate preferably being of a nonabsorbent,
synthetic material. Such material serves to receive solid waste
as well as permit the flow of liquid waste downwardly through the
perforate bottom into a collection site in a base supporting the
tray. The particulate reduces vaporization and serves also as an
odor barrier.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention the collection site
is serviced by a valve actuated by a control located outwardly of
the base. In such an embodiment of the invention a wall of the base
supports the litter box in a stable manner both in place on a floor
surface and when temporarily positioned for liquid waste disposal
and cleaning, as for example on a toilet bowl. The control is preferably
disposed proximate the floor surface to prevent accidental valve
opening. Accordingly, without requiring any disassembly, the entire
litter box can be placed atop an ordinary toilet, after which the
valve can be opened to drain liquid waste into the toilet for discharge
into the sewer system. Additionally, the non-absorbent litter can
at that time be rinsed clean, with any previously-adhered material
similarly being washed through the sump and proceeding through the
open valve into the toilet for disposal.
Important objectives of the invention include the provision of
a readily cleaned cat litter box having a base providing a collection
site or sump which may be periodically drained via a valve having
a control disposed adjacent a wall of the litter box base; the provision
of a litter box wherein a tray is charged with particulate of a
nonabsorbent homogeneous nature which permits passage of liquid
waste downwardly into the valve equipped collection site; the provision
of a cat litter box including a particulate filler of a smooth,
non-porous, nonabsorbent material which serves to receive liquid
and solid wastes and provide for convenient separation of same;
and provision of an improved litter box which minimizes the vaporization
of liquid wastes by the use of smooth, nonabsorbent plastic pellets
which provide a barrier to odors and evaporation from a collection
site.
The foregoing and other objectives, features, and advantages of
the invention will be more readily understood upon consideration
of the following detailed description of the invention, taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of the present litter box.
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG.
1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the portion of FIG. 2
encircled at 3.
FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the cat litter box temporarily
in place on a toilet bowl for cleaning purposes.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary elevation view of a modified cat litter
box wherein a litter receiving tray is of reduced height.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged elevational view of a cat litter pellet for
the present litter box.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the
base portion of the present invention with handle for controlling
the valve and illustrating an alternative handhold.
FIG. 8 is a partially schematic view taken along line 8--8 of FIG.
7.
FIG. 9 is a partially schematic view taken along line 9--9 of FIG.
7.
FIG. 10 is a sectional exploded view taken along line 9--9 of FIG.
7 showing the structure of an alternative type of valve suitable
for use in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a view of a portion of a preferred embodiment of the
perforate bottom of the tray forming a part of the invention, taken
in the direction indicated by line 11--11 in FIG. 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
With continuing attention to the drawings wherein applied reference
numerals indicate parts similarly hereinafter identified, the reference
numeral 1 indicates generally a base of the present litter box.
The base includes a wall 2 about its perimeter which includes front
and rear walls 3 and 4 along with end walls 5 and 6. The walls comprising
wall 2 each merge downwardly with a respective one of inwardly inclined
bottom walls 7 8 9 and 10 which provide a convenient surface for
grasping and carrying of the litter box.
A support wall or skirt 11 is integral with the above-mentioned
inclined bottom walls and provides a stable support for base 1.
Support wall 11 terminates downwardly in a continuous lower edge
11A.
A tray 12 of the present litter box is a walled structure with
an outer wall 13. The tray 12 is supported in the base 1 within
base wall 2 and serves to receive a layer of particulate 16 on
a perforate bottom wall 14. The tray terminates upwardly in a rim
15 having an inwardly turned continuous lip to prevent scattering
of the particulate by the pet. Tray 12 is of a size as to seat within
base wall 2 on the inclined walls of the base. If so desired the
wall 2 of the base may be internally shouldered to support the tray
in a spaced manner above the inclined bottom walls of the base.
The tray bottom 14 is of perforate construction having a multitude
of openings 14A of lesser size than the smallest dimension of the
particulate material for particulate retention.
A preferred particulate is of synthetic, nonabsorbent plastic having
a smooth exterior which is currently marketed in dry goods stores
in pellet form for use as doll stuffing. Such particulates are of
elliptical shape, as shown in FIG. 6 having a longest dimension
of approximately one quarter inch. Other pellet configurations and
sizes would also be suitable.
The convergent walls 7 8 9 and 10 of the base terminate downwardly
to support a valve body 17 defining a discharge passageway 18. Valve
body 17 also defines a valve seat 20 which carries a rotatable member
21 shown as being of the plug type, having an opening 22 for communication
with passageway 18. A seal at 23 may be an O-ring retained within
a groove 24 extending about valve member 21. Other valve types may
be utilized such as, for example, a ball valve.
A valve control rod 25 engages member 21 to impart rotational movement
thereto. For this purpose control rod 25 is provided with an end
25A for inserted locked engagement with corresponding socket 26
in member 21. Control rod end 25A may have a flat surface for driving
engagement with plug member 21. Rod 25 terminates outwardly to locate
a handle 27 in a highly accessible manner outwardly adjacent support
wall 11 and front wall 3. To facilitate assembly and retention of
the valve means above described, control rod 25 may be apertured
to receive a cotter pin 28 to prevent undesired axial movement of
the rod. Handle 27 is preferably proximate a floor surface F and
includes an appendage 27A such as a wing or arm which, upon arcuate
movement, as in the case of rotation of the handle 27 would come
into contact with the floor surface F to prevent opening of the
valve 17 and inadvertent waste discharge from the base. To prevent
contact with the floor, a valve bottom wall 17A is offset upwardly
from a plane containing wall edge 11A.
A modified litter box is disclosed in FIG. 5 wherein a tray at
30 is generally flat while a base wall 2' is of adequate height
to confine the litter against discharge. Prime reference numerals
in FIG. 5 indicate parts corresponding to parts earlier identified
with like base reference numerals.
In FIG. 4 the litter box 1 is shown in place for cleaning purposes
as for example on a toilet bowl B to permit the base to be emptied
of liquid waste via valve 17. It will be noted that the control
handle 27 is easily accessible and can be rotated without interference
when the base is so located. Further, cleaning of the litter box
may entail the application of a forceful water flow to the particulate
tray 13 or 30 and the particulate. Since the particulate is nonporous
with a smooth surface, it will readily release any surface deposits
thereon and allow the washing away of solid waste matter not earlier
removed such as by sifting of the particulate with a hand held device
available for such purposes.
FIGS. 7 through 10 illustrate portions of another alternative embodiment
of a base portion of a cat litter box arrangement according to the
present invention. As best seen in FIG. 7 a base 31 which may
be of molded plastic material, contains integral bottom walls 32
34 36 and 38 that slope downwardly toward one another defining
a sump 39 in which an opening 50 is located. Base 31 further includes
end walls 41 and 42 front wall 40 and rear wall 43. Walls 40 41
42 and 43 are interconnected with one another, extending upwardly
and being interconnected with a generally horizontal continuous
rim 44. The tray 12 (shown in FIGS. 1 2 and 4) rests on the base
31 in the same way in which it rests on the base 1 with the inner
walls 45 46 47 and 48 surrounding a lower portion of the tray
12 when it is in place. Walls 40 41 42 and 43 thus serve as support
walls comparable to the support wall 11 shown in FIGS. 1 2 and
4. Inner walls 45 46 47 and 48 are joined continuously with rim
44 extending downward therefrom nearly vertically, and at their
bottom margins are joined with bottom walls 32 34 36 and 38 respectively.
The bottom walls 32 34 36 and 38 defining the sump 39 slope
much more gently toward the middle of the space defined by the walls
40 41 42 and 43.
It will be noted in FIGS. 7 and 8 that end walls 42 and 41 define
handholds 54 to facilitate conveniently grasping, lifting, and carrying
the base 31 with the tray 12 located thereon.
Opening 50 at the lowest point of the sump 39 is closed by a
valve 52. When the perforate tray containing non-absorbent litter
16 is supported in place on the base 31 liquid waste deposited on
the non-absorbent litter particulate 16 disposed in the perforate
tray is free to run off the surfaces of the particulate 16 and drain
through the perforate bottom 14 of the tray 12 into the sump 39.
Release of liquid from the sump 39 is controlled by valve 52 which
may be preferably manufactured separately from the base and adhesively
attached thereto. The top surface 53 of valve 52 is preferably a
flat surface suitable for attachment to a correspondingly flat bottom
surface surrounding the opening 50 in the sump 39 of base 31. Valve
52 is attached to base 31 such that the upper opening 58 of valve
52 is properly aligned with the opening 50 of sump 39 in base 31.
As best seen in FIG. 10 the valve 52 includes a valve body 56
defining an upper opening 58 and a drain 60. A valve piston has
a front face 63. An O-ring 61 shown partially cut-away, is located
in a groove 62 in the valve piston, and will prevent the passage
of any liquid through the drain 60 when the valve is closed as shown
in FIG. 10. When the valve is in the open position, the face 63
of the piston is in the position shown in broken line, and the O-ring
is moved laterally in the valve body 56 so that communication between
upper opening 58 and the drain opening 60 is unobstructed and any
liquid contained in the sump 39 is released through opening 50
through upper opening 58 and thence downward out the drain opening
60. When the valve is closed the O-ring 61 forms a tight seal between
upper opening 58 and drain opening 60 preventing any seepage of
liquid through drain opening 60. When the valve 52 is open the O-ring
61 prevents seepage of liquid waste along the control rod or shaft
64 toward the control handle 66.
A handle 66 is provided for the operation of the valve and a retainer
pin 68 prevents the groove 62 containing an O-ring from being inadvertently
removed from the valve body 56. In a preferred embodiment the handle
66 is accessible to the operator at opening 70 in the front wall
40 of the base 31 allowing convenient "push-pull" operation
of the valve 52. This arrangement also provides adequate vertical
support for the control rod 64. When the base 31 is located on a
toilet bowl the handle 66 is readily accessible for easy emptying
and flush cleaning of the litter box.
As shown in FIG. 11 the tray bottom 14 of the perforate tray 12
of the present invention may be molded to define regularly spaced
openings 14A of a size small enough to prevent the passage of the
non-absorbent litter particulate pellets 16 through the openings.
Thus, the bottom 14 preferably includes a grid defining openings
14A each having a length 76 of about 0.4 inch and a width 78 of
about 0.1 inch. Openings 14A of this size will retain all particles
of the litter material 16 having a diameter greater than the width
78 of the grid opening such as particle 16 shown enlarged in FIG.
6.
It will also be noted that bars 80 82 defining grid openings have
knife edges 84 which minimize horizontal areas upon which liquid
can collect, thus insuring that all liquid deposited on the litter
16 will drain promptly into the sump 39 below.
The terms and expressions which have been employed in the foregoing
specification are used therein as terms of description and not of
limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and
expressions of excluding equivalents of the features shown and described
or portions thereof, it being recognized that the scope of the invention
is defined and limited only by the claims which follow. |