Abstrict A timber crusher capable of sufficiently exhibiting an effect of
preventing timber pieces from scattering to an outside and also
preventing damage to the crusher is provided. To this end, in the
timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher for crushing timber
into pieces and a rotary tub for guiding the timber to the crusher,
a hopper (5) having an upwardly open shell part (5b) and guiding
the charged timber to the rotary tub (3) is provided at an opening
of the rotary tub (3). The hopper (5) is inclined with respect to
the horizontal and is tiltable. Further, the hopper (5) may be provided
with a scattering prevention cover (7) for preventing timber from
scattering to an outside from an inside of the rotary tub (3).
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A timber crusher comprising on a base, a crusher for crushing
timber into pieces and a rotary tub for guiding the timber to said
crusher, wherein a hopper having an upwardly open shell part and
guiding the charged timber to said rotary tub is provided at an
opening of said rotary tub, and
said hopper is tiltable with respect to the horizontal and said
base to enable said hopper to be positioned at a selected angle
with respect to the horizontal so as to have said hopper at said
selected angle during operation of said timber crusher.
2. A timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher for crushing
timber into pieces and a rotary tub for guiding the timber to said
crusher, wherein a hopper having an upwardly open shell part and
guiding the charged timber to said rotary tub is provided at an
opening of said rotary tub, wherein said hopper is provided with
a scattering prevention cover for preventing the timber from scattering
to an outside from an inside of said rotary tub, wherein said scattering
prevention cover is inclined downward to a timber charging port
of said rotary tub, and transfers the charged timber to said timber
charging port.
3. A timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher rotating around
a substantially horizontal rotation axis for crushing timber into
pieces, a rotary tub for guiding the charged timber to said crusher,
and a scattering prevention cover for preventing the timber from
scattering to an outside from an inside of said rotary tub, wherein
a timber charging port is formed at an opening of said rotary tub,
said timber charging port being partially defined by an edge portion
of said scattering prevention cover which extends from points on
a circumference of said rotary tub, and wherein a direction of said
edge portion is a direction rotated a predetermined angle, in a
rotational direction of said rotary tub, from a rotation axis direction
of said crusher, in a plan view.
4. The timber crusher in accordance with claim, 3 wherein the predetermined
angle is set based on a composite direction of a velocity component
in a rotational direction of said crusher and a velocity component
in a rotational direction of said rotary tub.
5. A timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher rotating around
a substantially horizontal rotation axis and crushing timber into
pieces, a rotary tub for guiding the charged timber to said crusher,
and a scattering prevention cover for preventing the timber from
scattering to an outside from an inside of said rotary tub, wherein
said scattering prevention cover forms a timber charging port at
an opening of said rotary tub and covers at least part of said crusher
exposed into said rotary tub, wherein said scattering prevention
cover is inclined downward relative to horizontality toward the
timber charging port of said rotary tub.
6. A timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher for crushing
timber into pieces, a rotary tub for guiding the charged timber
to said crusher, and a scattering prevention cover for preventing
the timber from scattering to an outside from an inside of said
rotary tub, further comprising: bearers attached on said base, for
rotatably attaching said scattering prevention cover, wherein said
scattering prevention cover is formed to be expandable and contractible
by a plurality of rotatable frames at said bearers and a sheet stretched
between said plurality of frames, and freely covers an opening of
said rotary tub by expanding and contracting said sheet.
7. The timber crusher in accordance with claims 1 2-6 or 4 wherein
the timber crusher is mounted on a mobile vehicle.
Description TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a timber crusher including a crusher
and a rotary tub.
BACKGROUND ART
As a scattering prevention cover for preventing timber pieces crushed
by a timber crusher from scattering to an outside, for example,
there is conventionally an art as shown in FIG. 10 through FIG.
12. The constitution thereof will be explained based on the drawings.
A timber crusher 50 has an engine 52 and a crusher 54 rotationally
driven by the engine 52 via a propeller shaft 53 on a base 51.
The rotary tub 55 in a funnel form for guiding the timber charged
from an outside is placed above the crusher 54 and part of an outer
periphery surface of the crusher 54 is exposed to an inside of the
rotary tub 55. A scattering prevention cover 56 in a shell form
having a lower end edge in close vicinity of an upper end portion
of the rotary tub 55 is placed at the upper edge of the rotary tub
55 to face a scattering direction Q of the timber pieces crushed
by rotation of the crusher 54 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. As shown
in FIG. 10 a conveyor 58 for discharging the crushed timber pieces
to the outside is placed under the crusher 54.
According to the above-described constitution, the timber charged
from an upper opening (charging port) of the rotary tub 55 is guided
into the crusher 54 by the rotation of the rotary tub 55 and crushed
by the crusher 54. The crushed timber pieces are discharged to the
outside by the conveyor 58. The timber pieces scattering in the
direction Q shown in FIG. 11 following the rotation direction of
the crusher 54 when they are crushed by the crusher 54 are prevented
from scattering to the outside by the scattering prevention cover
56.
However, the above-described prior art has the following disadvantages.
(1) In order to make it easy to charge timber into the rotary tub
55 the scattering prevention cover 56 cannot sufficiently cover
the charging port of the rotary tub 55. Thus, crushed timber pieces
easily scatter to the outside from the charging port of the rotary
tub 55. Further, as shown in FIG. 12 the timber pieces forcibly
collided against the scattering prevention cover 56 in a shell form
disposed opposite the scattering direction Q of the timber pieces
sometimes spring back in a direction 5 shown in FIG. 12 and scatter
outside the rotary tub 55 whereby scattering prevention effect
cannot be sufficiently obtained.
(2) The timber charged from the upper opening of the rotary tub
55 located above the crusher 54 sometimes collides directly against
the crusher 54 and therefore the crusher 54 is easily damaged.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is made in view of the above-described disadvantages,
and its object is to provide a timber crusher that can exhibit an
effect of preventing timber pieces from scattering to an outside
and can prevent damage to the crusher.
In order to attain the above-described object, a first aspect of
a timber crusher according to the present invention is a timber
crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher for crushing timber into
pieces and a rotary tub for guiding the timber to the crusher, and
has the constitution in which a hopper having an upwardly open shell
part and guiding the charged timber to the rotary tub is provided
at an opening of the rotary tub.
According to the above constitution, as a result that the hopper
is provided at an opening of the rotary tub, the opening of the
rotary tub is covered with the hopper. Consequently, even if the
timber pieces crushed by the crusher scatter, they collide against
an inner wall of the hopper and are thrown back to return into the
rotary tub. Further, the timber pieces forcibly colliding and thrown
back are thrown back by the inner wall of the hopper on the opposite
side. Accordingly, the timber pieces scattering outside the rotary
tub are reduced, thus making it possible to improve the scattering
prevention effect.
Further, in the timber crusher, the hopper may be inclined with
respect to the horizontal.
According to the above constitution, since the hopper is inclined
with respect to the horizontal, the area of the charging port of
the hopper seen from the timber charging direction is substantially
larger than the area in the plan view. Specifically, the substantial
area of the charging port becomes larger when the hopper is inclined
than when the hopper is horizontally placed. Further, since the
hopper is inclined, an operator of a charging machine (for example,
a wheel loader and the like) for charging timber to the timber crusher
can easily confirm the position of the charging port. For these
reasons, charging of timber into the hopper is facilitated and efficiency
of the timber crushing operation is improved.
Further, in the timber crusher, the hopper may be tiltable with
respect to the horizontal.
According to the above constitution, the hopper is selectively
tilted according to the use conditions.
Specifically, during the timber crushing operation, the hopper
is tilted to facilitate the crushing operation such as charging
of timber. On the other hand, at the time of transportation of the
timber crusher, the hopper is made horizontal, whereby the height
of the hopper, and the vehicle height of the timber crusher in its
turn, are reduced and can be kept within the transportation limit
value. As a result, both the crushing operation efficiency and transportability
of the timber crusher can be improved.
Furthermore, in the timber crusher, the hopper may be provided
with a scattering prevention cover for preventing the timber from
scattering to an outside from an inside of the rotary tub.
According to the above constitution, since the hopper is provided
with the scattering prevention cover, the timber pieces scattering
from the crusher is thrown back at the hopper inner wall and/or
the scattering prevention cover, and most of them are returned into
the rotary tub. Accordingly, since the timber pieces scattering
to the outside of the rotary tub are sharply reduced, the scattering
prevention effect can be surely obtained.
Further, in the timber crusher, the scattering prevention cover
may be inclined downward to a timber charging port of the rotary
tub.
According to the above constitution, even if the timber pieces
forcibly collide against the scattering prevention cover, the scattering
prevention cover is inclined downward to the timber charging port,
and therefore the timber pieces are thrown back into the rotary
tub. Accordingly, the probability of the timber pieces scattering
toward the timber charging port is extremely low, and therefore
the scattering prevention effect can be surely exhibited. In addition,
since the scattering prevention cover also has the function of a
chute for transferring the timber charged into the hopper to the
charging port, timber is easily charged into the rotary tub, and
the efficiency of the timber crushing operation is improved. Further,
since the timber can be dropped onto the scattering prevention cover
(specifically, the chute), the dropped timber does not directly
collide against the crusher, and thus damage to the crusher can
be prevented.
A second aspect of a timber crusher according to the present invention
is a timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher rotating around
a substantially horizontal rotation axis and crushing timber into
pieces, a rotary tub for guiding the charged timber to the crusher,
and a scattering prevention cover for preventing the timber from
scattering to an outside from an inside of the rotary tub, and has
the constitution in which a timber charging port is formed at an
opening of the rotary tub by an edge portion of the scattering prevention
cover, and a direction of the edge portion is a direction rotated
a predetermined angle in a rotational direction of the rotary tub
with respect to a rotation axis direction of the crusher, in a plan
view.
According to the above constitution, the direction of the edge
portion of the scattering prevention cover forming the timber charging
port of the rotary tub is set to oppose a main direction in which
the timber pieces crushed by the crusher scatter, at a substantially
right angle. Specifically, based on the fact that the timber pieces
crushed by the crusher normally scatter in the composite direction
of the rotational direction of the crusher and the rotational direction
of the rotary tub, the scattering prevention cover is placed. As
a result, the timber pieces scattering in the composite direction
collide against the scattering prevention cover and the quantity
thereof returned to the inside of the rotary tub is increased, thus
making it possible to sharply reduce the quantity of timber pieces
scattering to the outside of the rotary tub.
A third aspect of the timber crusher according to the present invention
is a timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher rotating around
a substantially horizontal rotation axis and crushing timber into
pieces, a rotary tub for guiding the charged timber to the crusher,
and a scattering prevention cover for preventing the timber from
scattering to an outside from an inside of the rotary tub, and has
the constitution in which the scattering prevention cover forms
a timber charging port at an opening of the rotary tub and covers
at least part of the crusher exposed into the rotary tub.
According to the above constitution, the scattering prevention
cover forming part of the timber charging port of the rotary tub
covers at least part of the crusher exposed into the rotary tub.
As a result, the timber charged from the charging port hardly collides
directly against the crusher, and thus damage to the crusher can
be prevented.
A fourth aspect of the timber crusher according to the present
invention is a timber crusher comprising, on a base, a crusher for
crushing timber into pieces, a rotary tub for guiding the charged
timber to the crusher, and a scattering prevention cover for preventing
the timber from scattering to an outside from an inside of the rotary
tub, and further comprises bearers attached on the base, for rotatably
attaching the scattering prevention cover, having the constitution
in which the scattering prevention cover is formed to be expandable
and contractible by a plurality of rotatable frames at the bearers
and a sheet stretched between the plurality of frames, and freely
covers an opening of the rotary tub by expanding and contracting
the sheet.
According to the above constitution, a wide range of the opening
of the rotary tub can be covered with the scattering prevention
cover formed to be expandable and contractible by the sheet and
a plurality of frames, thus making it possible to surely prevent
the timber pieces from scattering outside the rotary tub. In addition,
by making the scattering prevention cover in a contracted state,
the height of the scattering prevention cover can be kept within
the transportation limit value by the transport vehicle, thus making
it possible to improve transportability of the timber crusher.
Furthermore, in the timber crusher, the timber crusher may be mounted
on a mobile vehicle.
According to the above constitution, since the timber crusher is
mounted on the mobile vehicle to be movable, it is possible to perform
crushing operations, moving between a plurality of accumulation
spots of timber to be crushed. As a result, it is not necessary
to convey timber to the timber crusher from a plurality of accumulation
spots as a stationary timber crusher, and the efficiency of timber
crushing operation is improved. Further, loading onto the transport
vehicle is facilitated at the time of transfer to the operation
site, thus making it possible to improve operability at the time
of transport.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of a timber crusher according to a first
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an essential part of the timber
crusher in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a timber crusher according to a second
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the timber crusher in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a timber crusher according to a third
embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of an essential part of a timber crusher
according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an essential part of a timber crusher
according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an essential part of a timber crusher
according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of an essential part of a timber crusher
according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of a timber crusher according to a prior
art;
FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 10; and
FIG. 12 is a view seen from the arrow 12 in FIG. 10.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be explained
in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 through FIG. 9.
First, the constitution of a first embodiment will be explained
based on FIGS. 1 and 2. A timber crusher 10 includes traveling equipment
9 free to travel at a bottom portion, and is provided with a base
1 on the traveling equipment 9. The traveling equipment 9 is a track-laying
type in this embodiment, but it may be a wheel-equipped type. Further,
in the following embodiments according to the present invention,
the explanation is made with an example in which the timber crusher
10 includes the traveling equipment 9 but the timber crusher 10
of the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, a
main object of the present invention is to improve effect of preventing
timber pieces from scattering to an outside, and/or to prevent damage
to the crusher, and the timber crusher 10 basically has the constitution
including at least a crusher for crushing timber, and a rotary tub
for guiding the timber to the crusher. Accordingly, the timber crusher
10 of the present invention includes i) the timber crusher 10 that
has wheels and the like for traveling, but cannot travel for itself,
and is towed by a self-propelled vehicle and the like, ii) the timber
crusher 10 that does not have traveling equipment, traveling wheels
or the like, but is mounted on a self-propelled vehicle or the like
and is able to travel, and iii) the stationary type of the timber
crusher 10 that does not have traveling equipment, traveling wheels
or the like, and is usually used in the place where it is set.
An engine 52 is mounted on a rear part of the base 1. A crusher
2 connected via hydraulic motor 42 having a hydraulic pump 41 driven
by the engine 52 as a drive source and a propeller shaft 53 is provided
in front of the engine 52. Part of the crusher 2 in a circumferential
direction is exposed on a surface of the base 1 to crush timber.
A conveyor equivalent to a conveyor 58 shown in FIG. 10 is included,
but it is not shown in FIG. 1.
A rotary tub 3 for guiding timber charged from the outside while
rotating it is rotatably placed on a top portion of the base 1 above
the crusher 2. Part of an outer periphery portion of the crusher
2 is exposed from a bottom surface of the rotary tub 3 at the position
eccentric toward a rear side in a traveling direction with respect
to a center of rotation of the rotary tub 3. A hopper 5 is placed
to be tiltable above an upper opening of the rotary tub 3. Specifically,
two support pillars 4 and 4 are vertically provided spaced from
each other on the base 1 outside the rotary tub 3 and on the opposite
side of the crusher 2 side. One side of the hopper 5 for guiding
the timber charged from the outside into the rotary tub 3 is pivotally
supported rotatably at upper end portions of the two support pillars
4 and 4. Two hydraulic cylinders 6 and 6 are attached to be vertically
expandable and contractible between the base 1 on the crusher 2
side and the other side of the hopper 5 at the opposite side of
the support pillars 4 and 4. The hydraulic cylinders 6 and 6 are
one example of drive means, and FIG. 2 shows only one of the hydraulic
cylinders 6. The hopper 5 is defined by an upper funnel part 5a
and a lower shell part 5b. The shell part 5b is capable of overlapping
an upper portion of the rotary tub 3 at a position in close vicinity
of an upper end portion of the opening of the rotary tub 3 when
the hopper 5 is tilted.
The hopper 5 is placed in the state in which it is inclined at
an angle q (see FIG. 1) so that one side is higher with respect
to the horizontal during a timber crushing operation. A scattering
prevention cover 7 for partly covering an area above the crusher
2 is provided inside the funnel part 5a of the hopper 5 and above
the opening of the rotary tub 3. The scattering prevention cover
7 forms a part, which is not covered with the scattering prevention
cover 7 above the opening of the rotary tub 3 as a timber charging
port 5d, and it is slantingly provided toward the charging port
5d. The scattering prevention cover 7 has its upper end portion
pivotally supported by a hinge 8 to be openable and closable with
respect to the hopper 5. The hopper 5 is tiltable in this embodiment,
but it may be fixed.
The operational effect of the first embodiment will be explained.
Since the hopper 5 is provided at the upper opening (timber charging
port) of the rotary tub 3 the timber pieces crushed by the crusher
2 are thrown back at an inner wall surface of the hopper 5 and returned
into the rotary tub 3. Further, the timber pieces forcibly colliding
against the inner wall surface of the hopper 5 are thrown back at
the inner wall surface at the opposite side from the spot at which
they are initially thrown back, and are returned into the rotary
tub 3. Accordingly, quantity of timber pieces scattering to the
outside of the rotary tub 3 becomes extremely small. In the case
of the inclined hopper 5 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 timber pieces
scatter in a rotational direction R (specifically, in a lateral
direction with respect to a longitudinal direction of the vehicle)
of the crusher 2 collide against the inner surface of the shell
part 5b of the hopper 5 and are thrown back, then thrown back at
the shell part 5b at the opposite side and the funnel part 5a, and
returned into the rotary tub 3. Thus, the quantity of timber pieces
scattering to the outside of the rotary tub 3 is reduced, and the
scattering prevention effect can be improved.
Further, the scattering prevention cover 7 may be provided at the
hopper 5. The scattering prevention cover 7 in this embodiment is
provided so that its upper end portion is in contact with the top
surface on the outer periphery side of the funnel part 5a and its
lower end portion forming the charging port 5d with the opening
of the hopper 5 is inclined downward to the charging port 5d. As
a result, timber pieces forcibly colliding against the scattering
prevention cover 7 out of the rotary tub 3 are thrown back and returned
into the rotary tub 3 and therefore they don't scatter out of the
rotary tub 3. Consequently, scattering prevention effect can be
surely obtained.
Even when an area of the scattering prevention cover 7 in the plan
view is the same when the hopper 5 is inclined with respect to the
horizontal and when the hopper 5 is in a horizontal state, the substantial
area of the timber charging port 5d seen from a charging direction
becomes larger when the hopper 5 is inclined than when it is horizontal.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 when the maximum lengths of the
timber charging port 5d in an inclined state (the present embodiment)
and in a horizontal state in the side view are L1 and L0 respectively,
L1>L0. Accordingly, by inclining the hopper 5 during a crushing
operation, it becomes easy to charge timber to be crushed into the
rotary tub 3 via the hopper 5 and thus the efficiency of the timber
crushing operation can be improved.
Further, at the time of transport, the hydraulic cylinders 6 and
6 are contracted to tilt the hopper 5 until the upper end surface
of the hopper 5 is horizontal as shown by the two-dot chain lines
in FIG. 1 and the height of the hopper 5 is kept within a transportable
limit value (for example, a height H in FIG. 1), whereby transportation
by a vehicle such as a truck is made possible. As a result, transportability
of the timber crusher 10 can be improved.
Furthermore, when the scattering prevention cover 7 is provided
to be inclined downward toward the timber charging port 5d inside
the hopper 5 timber pieces forcibly colliding against a backside
of the scattering prevention cover 7 are thrown back at the scattering
prevention cover 7 and returned into the rotary tub 3 and therefore
they hardly scatter to the timber charging port 5d. Consequently,
scattering prevention effect can be surely exhibited. Further, the
scattering prevention cover 7 works as a chute in which a timber
M charged into the hopper 5 is moved in a direction of the arrow
T by its own weight to be transferred to the charging port 5d, and
therefore the timber M slidingly falls and is easily charged into
the rotary tub.3 thus improving the efficiency of the crushing
operation of the timber M.
At the time of checkup and cleaning of the inside of the rotary
tub 3 the scattering prevention cover 7 is turned around the hinge
8 to open the upper opening portion of the rotary tub 3 as shown
by the two-dot chain lines in FIG. 1 whereby the checkup and cleaning
operation can be easily performed. Further, regarding the inclination
of the hopper 5 the inclined angle within a predetermined range
may be set so that optional opposite direction side are lowered
with respect to the rotational direction of the crusher 2 to facilitate
the loading of timber into the hopper 5. The "optional opposite
direction side" is a direction set at the opposite direction
side to the rotational direction of the crusher 2 as necessary.
Next, a second embodiment will be explained based on FIGS. 3 and
4. A scattering prevention cover 7A is formed to be expandable and
contractible by three portal frames 13a, 13b and 13c rotatably attached
around pins 12 and 12 provided at upper portions of a pair of bearers
4A and 4A attached at the base 1 and a sheet 14 fixed to the portal
frames 13a, 13b and 13c. A hydraulic cylinder 18 being an example
of expanding and contracting drive means for expanding and contracting
the scattering prevention cover 7A is attached between a pin 15
fixed to the outermost portal frame 13a and a pin 17 attached to
a bracket 16 fixed to the base 1. A couple of bearers 4A and 4A
are used in the second embodiment, but this is not restrictive,
and one bearer formed by integrating a pair of bearers 4A and 4A
may be used. The constitution of the base 1 the crusher 2 the
rotary tub 3 and the like other than the above is the same as that
in the first embodiment.
The operational effect of the second embodiment will be explained.
When the hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended and the scattering prevention
cover 7A formed to be expandable and contractible are opened as
shown in FIG. 3 a wide range of an area above the opening of the
rotary tub 3 is covered with the sheet 14. Thus, the timber pieces
crushed by the crusher 2 can be surely prevented from scattering
outside the rotary tub 3. Further, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is
contracted and the sheet 14 is folded to be in a state shown by
the two-dot chain lines in FIG. 3 so that the height of the upper
end portion of the scattering prevention cover 7A is within the
transportation limit value, whereby the transportability of the
timber crusher 10 can be improved.
The operational effects of the traveling unit 9 the base 1 the
crusher 2 the rotary tub 3 and the like other than the above are
the same as those in the first embodiment. In the scattering prevention
cover 7A in the second embodiment, the sheet 14 is expanded and
contracted in a bellow state, but this is not restrictive, and the
constitution in which, for example, a plurality of metal plates
are slid to be expanded and contracted may be used.
Next, a third embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 5. In
the timber crusher 10 a direction of an edge portion 7Bb of the
scattering prevention cover 7B forming a timber charging port 7Ba
is rotated a predetermined angle a in a rotational direction C of
the rotary tub 3 with the rotation axis direction of the crusher
2 as the reference in the plan view of the timber crusher 10. In
the third embodiment, the scattering prevention cover 7B is provided
at an inside of the rotary tub 3 but it may be provided at an outside
of the rotary tub 3. The constitution of the traveling unit 9 the
base 1 (both are not shown), the crusher 2 the rotary tub 3 and
the like other than the above is the same as that in the first embodiment,
and thus the explanation thereof will be omitted.
The operational effect of the third embodiment will be explained.
The timber pieces crushed in the crusher 2 scatter in a composite
direction of a velocity component in a rotational direction R of
the crusher 2 and a velocity component in a rotational direction
C of the rotary tub 3 and the scattering prevention cover 7B is
disposed at the position of the composite direction. Accordingly,
the quantity of the wood pieces colliding against the scattering
prevention cover 7B, thrown back and returning to the inside of
the rotary tub 3 increases, and thus the quantity of the timber
pieces scattering to the outside of the rotary tub 3 can be reduced
to a large extent. The operational effects of the traveling unit
9 and the base 1 (both are not shown), the crusher 2 the rotary
tub 3 and the like other than the above are the same as those in
the first embodiment and the explanation thereof will be omitted.
A fourth embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 6. An edge
portion 7Cb of a scattering prevention cover 7C forming a timber
charging port 7Ca is disposed in a rotation axis direction of the
crusher 2 in the plan view of the timber crusher 10. The scattering
prevention cover 7C is formed to cover at least part of the crusher
2 exposed into the rotary tub 3. The constitution of the traveling
unit 9 and the base 1 (both are not shown), the crusher 2 the rotary
tub 3 and the like other than the above is the same as that in the
first embodiment.
The operational effects of the fourth embodiment will be explained.
At least part of the crusher 2 exposed into the rotary tub 3 is
covered with the scattering prevention cover 7C with the edge portion
7Cb being formed in parallel with the rotation axis direction of
the crusher 2 and therefore the timber charged from the charging
port 7Ca hardly collide directly against the crusher 2 exposed into
the rotary tub 3. Accordingly, damage to the crusher 2 can be prevented.
Further, the rate at which the timber pieces scatter by the rotation
of the crusher 2 is high, but the scattering prevention cover 7C
covers the crusher 2 and thus the favorable effect of prevention
of scattering outside is obtained. The operational effects of the
traveling unit 9 and the base 1 (both are not shown), the crusher
2 the rotary tub 3 and the like other than the above are the same
as those in the first embodiment.
A fifth embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 7. The rotary
tub 3 for guiding the timber charged from outside while rotating
it is placed above the crusher 2. A hopper 5D supported by two bearers
4D vertically provided on the base 1 outside the rotary tub 3 is
placed above the opening, of the rotary tub 3. The hopper 5D is
constituted by a funnel part 5Da, a first shell part 5Db continuing
from a lower portion of the funnel part 5Da to an obliquely lower
position, and a second shell part 5Dc provided at a lower portion
of the first shell part 5Db. The funnel part 5Da, the first shell
part 5Db and the second shell part 5Dc may be integrally constructed,
or may be separately constructed to be attachable. The second shell
part 5Dc is inserted into the upper portion of the rotary tub 3
and the rotary tub 3 is rotatable while partly sliding on the second
shell part 5Dc.
A scattering prevention cover 7D is attached at an upper portion
of an inner surface of the second shell part 5Dc, and a timber charging
port 7Db is formed by an edge portion 7Da of the scattering prevention
cover 7D. The constitution of the traveling equipment 9 (not shown),
the base 1 the crusher 2 the rotary tub 3 and the like other than
the above is the same as that in the first embodiment. FIG. 7 shows
the constitution in which the second shell part 5Dc is inserted
into the rotary tub 3 but the present invention is not limited
to this, and, for example, the constitution in which the second
shell part 5Dc is fitted onto the rotary tub 3 (specifically, the
second shell part 5Dc covers the outside of the rotary tub 3) may
be adopted.
The operational effect of the fifth embodiment will be explained.
The timber charged from the funnel part 5Da is transferred in a
direction of the scattering prevention cover 7D by the first shell
part 5Db, and is guided into the rotary tub 3 from the timber charging
port 7Db. Consequently, the charged timber does not directly collide
against the crusher 2 exposed into the rotary tub 3 thus preventing
damage to the crusher 2. The timber pieces crushed by the crusher
2 and scattered are thrown back by the scattering prevention cover
7D and the first shell part 5Db and returned into the rotary tub
3 thus making it possible to reduce the quantity of the timber
pieces scattering outside the hopper 5D to a large extent. The operational
effects of the traveling equipment 9 and the base 1 (both are not
shown), the crusher 2 the rotary tub 3 and the like other than
the above are the same as those in the first embodiment.
A sixth embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 8. The rotary
tub 3 for guiding the timber charged from an outside while rotating
it is placed above the crusher 2. A hopper 5E supported by four
bearers 4E vertically placed on the base 1 outside the rotary tub
3 is placed above the upper opening of the rotary tub 3. The hopper
5E is constituted by a funnel part 5Ea, and a shell part 5Eb extensively
formed in a further inner direction from the upper opening of the
rotary tub 3 at the same inclination as the funnel part 5Ea. The
inclination of the shell part 5Eb is not limited to the same as
the funnel part 5Ea, but it may be set at different inclinations
including the same form as the second shell part 5Dc in FIG. 7 as
necessary.
A fixed cover 21 is attached at one end portion of a rectangular
frame 20 with the upper portion of the funnel part 5Ea being fixed
thereto. A scattering prevention cover 7E is placed outside the
fixed cover 21. The scattering prevention cover 7E is movable in
the direction of the arrow E with respect to the frame 20 and the
fixed cover 21 by a hydraulic cylinder 23 attached between the scattering
prevention cover 7E and the bearer 4E. The constitution of the traveling
equipment 9 (not shown), the base 1 the crusher 2 the rotary tub
3 and the like other than the above is the same as that in the first
embodiment.
The operational effect of the sixth embodiment will be explained.
When a timber to be crushed is charged into the rotary tub 3 the
hydraulic cylinder 23 is contracted to retreat the scattering prevention
cover 7E, thereby increasing an opening area of the hopper 5E to
facilitate the operation of charging timber into the rotary tub
3. During a timber crushing operation, the hydraulic cylinder 23
is extended to move the scattering prevention cover 7E forward,
whereby the opening of the rotary tub 3 is closed to prevent the
crushed timber pieces from scattering out of the rotary tub 3. The
operational effects of the traveling equipment 9 (not shown), the
base 1 the crusher 2 the rotary tub 3 and the like other than
the above are the same as those in the first embodiment. During
a timber crushing operation, an area above the crusher 2 may be
partially covered with the scattering prevention cover 7E to partially
open the timber charging port of the hopper 5E, and timber may be
successively charged in the state in which the rotational speed
of the rotary tub 3 is made lower.
A seventh embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 9. The detailed
explanation will be omitted, but the seventh embodiment has the
constitution in which a scattering prevention cover 7F for covering
the opening of the rotary tub 3 and a hydraulic cylinder 24 are
connected ,by a so-called Scott-Russell mechanism 25. When the hydraulic
cylinder 24 is extended, the Scott-Russell mechanism 25 is in a
state shown by the two-dot chain lines, and the scattering prevention
cover 7F rises to a position of the two-dot chain lines to open
the upper opening of the rotary tub 3. When the hydraulic cylinder
24 is contracted, the Scott-Russell mechanism 25 is in a state of
the solid lines, and the scattering prevention cover 7F lowers to
a position of the solid lines to close the opening of the rotary
tub 3. The constitution of the travelling unit 9 the base 1 and
the crusher 2 (both are not shown), the rotary tub 3 and the like
other than the above is the same as that in the first embodiment.
The operational effects of the seventh embodiment will be explained.
When the timber to be crushed is charged into the rotary tub 3
the hydraulic cylinder 24 is extended in a direction of the arrow,
and each link of the Scott-Russell mechanism 25 is rotated in a
direction of the arrow, whereby scattering prevention cover 7F rises
in the direction of the arrow up to the position of the two-dot
lines. As a result, the opening of the rotary tub 3 is widely opened,
thus facilitating an operation of charging timber into the rotary
tub 3. During a timber crushing operation, the hydraulic cylinder
24 is contracted and the scattering prevention cover 7F is lowered
to the position of the solid lines, whereby the opening of the rotary
tub 3 is closed and the crushed timber pieces are prevented from
scattering out of the rotary tub 3. The operational effects of the
traveling equipment 9 the base 1 and the crusher 2 (both are not
shown), the rotary tub 3 and the like other than the above are the
same as those in the first embodiment.
As described thus far, according to the present invention, the
following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the hopper is provided at the opening (timber charging
port) of the rotary tub, the scattered timber pieces are thrown
back at the inner wall of the hopper, and the timber pieces forcibly
colliding against it are thrown back at the inner wall at the opposite
side of the throwing-back portion of the hopper to be returned into
the rotary tub. Further, by providing the hopper with the scattering
prevention cover, timber pieces are thrown back at the hopper and/or
the scattering prevention cover and returned into the rotary tub,
and therefore the quantity scattering outside the rotary tub is
further reduced. Accordingly, the effect of preventing scattering
outside the rotary tub can be surely exhibited.
(2) As the result that the hopper is provided at the rotary tub
to be inclined with respect to the horizontal, the area of the timber
charging port seen in the timber charging direction becomes larger
in the case with the inclined hopper than in the case with the horizontal
hopper even if the area of the hopper of the timber crusher in the
plan view is the same when the area of the hopper is inclined and
when it is in the horizontal state. Consequently, timber can be
easily charged into the hopper, and the timber crushing operation
efficiency is improved.
(3) When the hopper is provided at the opening of the rotary tub
to be tiltable, the hopper can be horizontally tilted by the tilting
drive means at the time of transportation, and the height of the
hopper can be within the transportation limit value, thus improving
transportability of the timber crusher.
(4) By providing the scattering prevention cover to be inclined
downward to the timber charging port inside the hopper, the scattering
prevention effect of the scattering prevention cover can be improved.
In addition, the scattering prevention cover also works as a chute
for transferring the timber charged into the hopper to the charging
port, and therefore the timber is easily charged into the rotary
tub, thus making it possible to improve the efficiency of the timber
crushing operation.
(5) The crushed timber pieces are mainly scattered in the composite
direction of the velocity component in the rotational direction
of the crusher and the velocity component of the rotational direction
of the rotary tub. When the scattering prevention cover is provided
to oppose the composite direction, the quantity of the timber pieces
colliding against the scattering prevention cover and returned to
the inside of the rotary tub is increased. Consequently, the quantity
of the timber pieces scattering outside the rotary tub can be sharply
reduced.
(6) The direction of the edge portion of the scattering prevention
cover, which forms the timber charging port, may be placed in the
rotation axis direction of the crusher in the plan view, and at
least part of the crusher exposed into the rotary tub may be covered
with the scattering prevention cover. In this case, the timber charged
from the charging port hardly collides directly against the crusher,
thus making it possible to prevent damage to the crusher. Further,
scattering of the timber pieces by rotation of the crusher can be
surely prevented by the scattering prevention cover.
(7) By covering the wide range of the opening of the rotary tub
with the scattering prevention cover formed to be expandable and
contractible, the timber pieces can be surely prevented from scattering
outside the rotary tub. Further, by reducing the scattering prevention
cover formed to be expandable and contractible, the height of the
scattering prevention cover is kept within the transportation limit
value, and thus the transportability of the timber crusher can be
improved.
Industrial Availability
The present invention is useful as a timber crusher, which can
sufficiently exhibit an effect of preventing timber pieces from
scattering to the outside, and can also prevent damage to the crusher.
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