Abstrict An improved cone crusher with an eccentrically driven crushing
cone, crushing jacket outside of the cone defining a crushing nip
therebetween, the cone is driven in an oscillating manner tilting
about its vertical axis and is connected to a driven through a universal
joint having a one way clutch connected between the joint and a
drive shaft with a support for the cone and a cap having a reduced
portion which can shear in torsion, and means for holding the cone
on a support with controllable force.
Claims We claim:
1. A cone crusher comprising in combination:
an eccentrically driven crushing cone;
a stationary main shaft;
and a means for preventing the entrainment of the crushing cone
given no-load operation in the form of a one way clutch that is
functionally connected between the crushing cone and the stationary
main shaft of the crusher via a torsionally stiff articulated shaft
arranged between the crushing cone and the one way clutch and having
multiple individual parts including an upper connecting part and
a lower connecting part and a common middle part and a first universal
joint between the upper and middle and a second universal joint
between the middle and lower part.
2. A cone crusher according to claim 1:
characterized in that individual parts of the articulated shaft
are releasably joined to one another.
3. A cone crusher according to claim 1:
including a carrying cone having a flange cap provided for the
transmission of forces for non-rotational movement of the crushing
cone, said cap being torsionally joined to the upper part of the
articulated shaft.
4. A cone crusher according to claim 5:
including a connecting trunnion between the carrying cone and the
articulated shaft, said connecting trunnion being secured in a bore
of the upper connecting part of the articulated shaft and being
secured against rotation and removal by at least one shearing pin.
5. A cone crusher according to claim 4:
characterized in that the connecting trunnion is fashioned as security
against fracture and includes a constriction for the protection
of the articulated shaft against overload.
6. A cone crusher according to claim 4:
characterized in that a lower connecting member of the articulated
shaft is connected non-rotatably to the trunnion of a glide member
by a polygonal profile seating in a polygonal socket in the glide
member permitting relative axial movement between the connecting
member and the glide member.
7. A cone crusher according to claim 6:
characterized in that the glide member is connected to the lower
part of the articulated shaft through the one way clutch.
8. A cone crusher comprising in combination:
an outer annular crushing jacket;
a crushing cone defining a frusto conical working space with the
jacket for crushing material therein;
an oscillatory eccentric rotary drive sleeve connected to the cone
for causing oscillation and movement of the cone relative to said
jacket to crush material in the working space;
a non-rotatable shaft extending coaxially through the center of
said sleeve;
and a non-rotatable articulated shaft connected between the non-rotatable
shaft and the cone accommodating oscillatory movement of the cone
and having an upper, lower and center part with upper and lower
universal joints respectively connecting the upper to the center
and the center to the lower parts.
9. A cone crusher constructed in accordance with claim 8:
including an axially slidable joint positioned between said non-rotatable
shaft and the articulated shaft permitting axial adjustment of the
cone relative to the crushing jacket.
10. A cone crusher constructed in accordance with claim 8:
including a shearable connection between the articulated shaft
and the cone which is capable of failing in instances of overload
in the working space.
Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a cone crusher, and more particularly
to a means for preventing the entrainment of the crushing cone during
no-load operation. A one way clutch is functionally inserted between
the crushing cone and the stationary main shaft of the crusher,
and is connected therebetween by a torsionally stiff, cardanic joint.
In conventional cone crushers, the problem of entrainment of the
crushing cone exists, particularly with a cone crusher that is not
charged or unfavorably charged. Different designs have therefore
been proposed to prevent entrainment of the crushing cone consisting
of a carrying cone and a crushing tool and thus to avoid an unfavorable
comminution effect and also to avoid wear of the crushing cone.
German Patent No. 11 97 732 (Golucke et al U.S. Pat. No. 3227381
issued Jan. 4 1966) discloses a cone crusher wherein the support
of the entrainment moment of the crushing cone results by means
of a one way clutch and a following universal joint torsion shaft
to the stationary, central main shaft of the crusher. The cardanic
guide of the torsion shaft which is required because of the tumbling
motion of the crushing cone relative to the crusher frame is resolved
in that the torsion shaft is provided with toothed clutches at both
of its ends. The tooth heads of these clutches are convexly arcuately
shaped. The tooth heads form non-rotating cardanic articulations
together with correspondingly toothed hubs, whereby the upper articulation
is in rotational connection with the crushing cone upon interposition
of the one way clutch and the lower articulation produces a torsionally
rigid connection to the frame of the cone crusher by means of the
central crusher shaft.
In this known embodiment for preventing entrainment of the crushing
cone, a large number of structural parts are necessary in the transmission
path of the supporting moment from the crushing cone to the main
shaft of the crusher. In addition, accessibility to the one way
clutch is necessary in the event of repair. Also, the manufacture
of the torsion bar with its arcuate dentation at both ends involves
relatively high costs. An easily accessible, cost-beneficial safety
element that can be easily replaced in case of overload is also
not available in the torque transmission chain.
The object of the invention is to considerably improve the known
means for preventing entrainment of the crushing cone of a cone
crusher.
A further object of the invention is to provide a unique cone crusher
mechanism and improved drive therefor.
A further of the invention is to provide an improved cone crusher
and drive wherein initial costs and maintenance costs are reduced
as compared with drive mechanisms heretofore available.
FEATURES OF THE INVENTION
This structure and arrangement, particularly the use of a ball-jointed
arm produces a short, direct moment between the carrying cone and
the crusher frame. The upper region of the carrying cone can be
compactly designed as a hollow carrying cone trunnion and the articulated
shaft can be protected against overload and breakage with a separate
break location. In addition, the employment of a balljointed shaft
that can be commercially obtained leads to a noticeable saving of
costs in comparison to prior solutions such as the solution disclosed
by German Patent No. 11 97 732. Also deriving with the rated break
location, articulated shaft and one way clutch, there is a considerable
simplification of assembly in the event repairs are necessary.
Other objects, advantages and features will become more apparent
with the teaching of the principles of the present invention in
connection with the disclosure of the preferred embodiments thereof
in the specification, claims and drawings, in which:
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The single FIGURE of the drawings is a vertical sectional view
taken through a cone crusher embodying the principles of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
As shown on the drawing, the drive system of the cone crusher comprises
a stationary, vertical main shaft 1 that is surrounded by an eccentric
bushing 2 which is connected to a rotary drive (not shown in detail)
in the lower part of the cone crusher and whose inner and outer
generated surfaces are equipped with sliding bearing material. The
eccentric bushing 2 is guided in a lowfriction manner relative,
first, to the main shaft 1 and second, to a carrying cone shaft
3 that surrounds the eccentric bushing 2.
The carrying cone shaft 3 is part of the carrying cone 4 that extends
in an upward direction with a carrying cone trunnion 5 and that
carries the crushing tool 6 on its conical surface. The carrying
cone 4 and crushing tool 6 form the crushing cone 7. The crushing
tool 6 is secured to the carrying cone 4 in a non-positive fashion
in that a tension ring 8 is clamped against the top of the carrying
cone 4 by cap bolts 9 pressing against the crushing tool 6 on an
annular surface 10. A flanged cap 11 is secured to the carrying
cone trunnion 5 by cap bolts and this flanged cap 11 is threaded
into a cylindrical trunnion 12 at its lower end. The transition
location comprises a constriction 13 in the diameter of the cap
screw 11 that serves as overload safety for the ball-jointed shaft
14. The cap 11 is connected in a non-rotating fashion to an upper
connecting member 15 of the articulated shaft 14 which provides
a universal drive. A shear bolt 11a and another shear bolt 11b secure
the cap non-rotatably to the carrying cone 4.
The articulated shaft 14 consists of the upper connecting member
15 an upper ball 16 a middle section 17 a lower ball 18 and a
lower connecting member 19.
The lower connecting member 19 of the articulated shaft 14 is connected
to the trunnion 20 of a glide member 21. The glide member 21 has
a polygonal profile which seats non-rotatably in a polygonal socket
in a socket ring 22 of a one way clutch 23 in a manner which prevents
turning but is axially displaceable. The outer ring 24 of this one
way clutch 23 is in turn supported against a central piston 25 in
a manner which prevents turning of the ring 24 relative to the piston
25. The piston 25 is axially movable inside the hollow-bored main
shaft 1 and, in the lower part of the crusher, is supported against
the column of a hydraulic oil system (not shown). The piston 25
is prevented from turning by a limiting ring 26 comprising a channel
guide 27 and the limiting ring 26 is secured by a cap bolt to the
upper end face of the stationary main shaft 1. The crushing cone
7 is supported by a spherical bearing resting on a spherical socket
member 28 attached to the upper end side of the piston 25. The vertical
position of the crushing cone 7 relative to the fixed frame portion
of the cone crusher and crushing gap can be varied with the hydraulically
movable piston 25. The pressure protection mechanisms, automatically
protect the cone crusher from damage due to excessively high forces.
Moreover, it serves the purpose of following the crushing cone 7
as a consequence of wear to the socket member 28 and the spherical
bearing 29.
During operation of the cone crusher, the driven crushing cone
7 moves in a tumbling manner within a work space 30 that is formed
by the crushing tool 6 and a crushing jacket 31 that is connected
to the crusher frame by a supporting housing 32. As a consequence
of the oscillating drive of the carrying cone 4 by the eccentric
bushing 2 a crushing nip 33 is formed at the edge of the tool 6
and this nip is at the smallest distance between the crushing tool
6 and the crushing jacket 31 the position of this crushing nip
rotating together with the rotation of the eccentric bushing 2
whereby the crushing tool 6 and, the carrying cone 4 roll off relative
to the material situated in the crushing nip 33 as a consequence
of friction. Compared to the rotational sense of the eccentric bushing
2 a backward rotation of the shaft of the carrying cone 4 relative
to the main shaft 1 results. The one way clutch 23 is therefore
constructed such that it enables a backward motion of the carrying
cone 4.
When, by contrast, no material is situated in the working space
30 then the crushing tool 6 and, the carrying cone 4 encounter
no tangential resistance in the crushing nip 33 and the common shaft
of the crushing tool 6 and the carrying cone 4 exhibits the tendency
to be entrained in the rotational sense of the eccentric bushing
2 as a consequence of tangential friction between the eccentric
bushing 2 and the crushing cone shaft 3. This is prevented by the
one way clutch 23 which inhibits in a rotational sense. It is thus
assured that a faultless pressure comminution of the material in
the crushing nip 33 ensues immediately when the working space 30
is charged with material to be crushed and that no wear-promoting
friction can occur due to deceleration of the rotating crushing
cone 7.
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