Abstrict A vertical shaft rock crusher has a frame attached to its outer
shell to which a support ring is horizontally mounted. A plurality
of breaker plates are disposed on the support ring in an interlocked
arrangement. The breaker plates are disposed in a staggered array
to form rings of breaker plates stacked in a brick-like manner and
require no mounting hardware. One breaker plate embodiment has a
relatively smooth circumferentional surface, another have V-shaped
grooves disposed in the rock crushing surface. A third embodiment
has pockets formed between the stacked rings. Interconnection of
adjacent breaker plates, in one embodiment of interconnection structure
is accomplished by forming a slot on one side of the breaker plate
and a mating post on the other side, such that adjacent plates may
be interlocked to each other.
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A rock crusher comprising:
(a) an outer shell essentially cylindrical in form;
(b) a drive motor;
(c) a vertical drive shaft mounted generally central to said shell;
(d) an impeller plate fixedly mounted to said vertical drive shaft
proximate a top end thereof;
(e) a plurality of impellers disposed on said impeller plate equidistant
one to the other and fixedly attached thereto;
(f) a frame having a substantially cylindrical vertically disposed
wall essentially concentric to said shell; and
(g) a plurality of breaker plates of predetermined shape and thickness
disposed on said frame to form multiple rings, each ring consisting
of a predetermined number of said breaker plates interlocked one
within the other and staggered with respect to each other in adjacent
rings;
(h) said breaker plates being multi-sided, each having an outer
diametral surface of predetermined size to fit within said wall,
an inner circumferential surface concentric to said outer surface,
a first side and a second side which form an external V-shaped surface
connecting one end of said outer surface and said inner surfaces;
third, fourth, and fifth sides; a V-notch formed between between
said third and fourth sides; said first side, said third, and said
fifth side being disposed in the same general direction as said
second side and said fourth side, with said third side, fourth side,
and fifth side connecting a second end of said inner and outer surfaces;
said adjacent plates defining with said adjacent rings a pocket.
2. The rock crusher of claim 1 wherein said breaker plates are
eight sided having an outer circumferential surface of predetermined
size to fit within said wall, an inner diametral surface concentric
to said outer surface, a first side and a second side which form
an external V-shaped surface connecting one end of said outer and
inner surfaces, a third side and a fourth side which forms a V-notch,
said side first and said third side being disposed in the same general
direction as said second side and said fourth side, a second end
of said inner surfaces and said outer surface being connected by
said third side and said fourth side.
3. The rock crusher of claim 2 wherein a post is disposed proximate
the intersection of said first side and said second side a slot
disposed proximate the intersection of said third side and said
fourth side, said post and said slot traversing the thickness of
said breaker plate, said post being of a predetermined size so as
to interlock with said slot in an adjacent breaker plate.
4. The rock crusher of claim 2 wherein said inner surface has a
plurality of V-shaped protrusions disposed thereon said protrusions
extending the thickness of said inner surface and being essentially
parallel to said outer surface.
5. The rock crusher of claim 4 wherein a post is disposed proximate
the intersection of said first side and said second side slot disposed
proximate the intersection of said third side and said fourth side,
said post and said slot traversing the thickness of said breaker
plate, said post being of a predetermined size so as to interlock
with said slot in an adjacent breaker plate.
6. The rock crusher of claim 1 wherein a post is disposed proximate
the intersection of said first side and said second side, a slot
disposed proximate the intersection of said third side and said
fourth side, said post and said slot traversing the thickness of
said breaker plate, said post being of a predetermined size so as
to interlock with said slot in an adjacent breaker plate.
7. A breaker plate for being disposed as one of a series of adjacent
breaker plates, said breaker plate comprising: an outer diametral
surface of predetermined size; an inner circumferential surface
concentric to said outer surface; a first side and a second side
which form an external V-shaped surface connecting one end of said
outer surface and said inner surface; third, fourth, and fifth sides;
a V-notch formed between said third and fourth sides; and said first
side, said third side, and said fifth side being disposed in the
same general direction as said second side and said fourth side,
with said third side, fourth side, and fifth side connecting a second
end of said inner and outer surfaces adjacent and abutting breaker
plates defining there between a pocket.
8. The breaker plate of claim 7 wherein the breaker plate is eight
sided and has an outer circumfrential surface of predetermined size,
an inner diametral surface concentric to said outer surface, a first
side and a second side which form an external V-shaped surface connecting
one end of said outer and inner surfaces, a third side and a fourth
side which forms a V-notch, said side first and said third side
being disposed in the same general direction as said second side
and said fourth side, a second end of said inner surfaces and said
outer surface being connected by said third side and said fourth
side.
9. The breaker plate of claim 8 wherein a post is disposed proximate
the intersection of said first side and said second side a slot
disposed proximate the intersection of said third side and said
fourth side, said post and said slot traversing the thickness of
said breaker plate, said post being of a predetermined size so as
to interlock with the slot of an adjacent breaker plate.
10. The breaker plate of claim 7 wherein said inner surface has
a plurality of V-shaped protrusions disposed thereon said protrusions
extending the thickness of said inner surface and being essentially
parallel to said outer surface.
11. The breaker plate of claim 10 wherein a post is disposed proximate
the intersection of said first side and said second side slot disposed
proximate the intersection of said third side and said fourth side,
said post and said slot traversing the thickness of said breaker
plate, said post being of a predetermined size so as to interlock
with the slot of an adjacent breaker plate.
12. The breaker plate of claim 7 wherein a post is disposed proximate
the intersection of said first side and said second side, a slot
disposed proximate the intersection of said third side and said
fourth side, said post and said slot traversing the thickness of
said breaker plate, said post being of a predetermined size so as
to interlock with the slot of an adjacent breaker plate.
Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION--FIELD OF APPLICATION
This invention relates to rock crushers; and more particularly
to breaker plates for rock crushers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION--DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART
In 1830 the first U.S. patent was issued for a rock crushing machine.
Since that time many patents on various machines for crushing rock
have been granted. In the period between 1860 and 1878 several basic
designs were developed using the gyratory principle. In 1881 P.
W. Gates was granted a patent which encorporated all of the explicite
details of the modern gyratory crusher.
Developments in the mining industry required finer crushing than
was feasable with the gyratory or jaw crushers available at that
time. These machines do a great portion of their work by impact.
In the Edison roll crusher impact is supplemented significantly
by a power sledging action by teeth attached to the large rolls.
The predominate action in the hammermill is impact.
Impact type crushers are currently used employing vertical shaft
rock crushing machines which have impellers which propel the rock
into breaker plates causing high force impact against the breaker
plates where the rock is broken.
A number of rock crushers employing vertical shaft design have
replaceable and/or adjustable breaker plates. The methods of attachment
include pins, tee shots, wedge pins, hooks, bolts, notches, and
keways. These methods are variously shown in; U.S. Pat. No. 3088685
issued to T. E. Bridgewater on May 7 1963 and in two other U.S.
Pat. Nos. 3093329 and 3110449 issued to T. E. Bridgewater on
June 11 1963 and Nov. 12 1963 respectively. Other patents which
show various ones of the attachment methods described above include:
U.S. Pat. No. 3150838 issued to C. A. Adams on Sept. 9 1964;
U.S. Pat. No. 3540667 issued to C. T. Parker on Nov. 17 1970;
U.S. Pat. No. 4090673 issued to S. B. Ackers et. al. on May 23
1978; U.S. Pat. No. 4326676 issued on Apr. 27 1982 to N. M. Rose;
U.S. Pat. No. 4347988 issued to K. D. Warren et. al. on Sept.
7 1982 and U.S. Pat. No. 4389022 issued on June 21 1983 to J.
H. Burk. U.S. Pat. No. 3168991 issued to D. E. Herman on Feb.
9 1965 shows breaker plates with V-shaped pockets and which are
secured to the wall of the crusher. Other V-shaped breaker plates
are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3474974 issued to Wood Oct. 28 1969;
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3873047 and 4065063 issued Mar. 25 1975 and
Dec. 27 1977 respectively to L. W. Johnson; but as in the patents
previously discussed attachment of the breaker plates is by bolts,
cleats, and brackets of various design.
When rocks are crushed by propelling rocks against breaker plates
the breaker plates wear at a high rate due to the abrasive action
of the rock. Frequent replacement of breaker plates is an inherent
aspect of this type of rock crusher. Breaker plates of the type
hereinabove discussed require mechanical dis-assembly and reassembly
for replacement.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a new and
improved breaker plate.
It is another object of this invention to provide a new and improved
rock crusher breaker plate.
It is another object of this invention to provide a new and improved
rock crusher.
It is still another object of this invention to provide a new and
improved breaker plate for disposition in a brick-like arrangement.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide new and improved
breaker plates of truncated pyramidal shapes.
It is a further object of this invention to provide new and improved
breaker plates which interlock one with the other.
It is still a further object of this invention to provide new and
improved breaker plates which form a V-shaped pocket within the
rock crusher.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention in its
details of construction and arrangement of parts will be seen from
the above, from the following description of the preferred embodiment
when considered with the drawing and from the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
In the Drawing:
FIG. 1 is a plane view of the rock crusher incorporating the instant
invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the rock crusher taken through line 2--2
of FIG. 1.
FIG. 2A is a perspective view taken of a portion of the crusher
of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the impeller plate, breaker plate and drive
removed;
FIG. 3 is a plane view of a portion of the rock crusher incorporating
a first configuration of breaker plates;
FIG. 4 is a plane view of a portion of the rock crusher incorporating
an alternative configuration of breaker plates; and
FIG. 5 is a plane view of an alternative interlocking configuration
for the breaker plates.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
With reference to FIG. 1 there is generally shown a plurality of
breaker plates 10 arranged for use in a rock crusher 12. Rock crusher
12 consists of a frame 14 (FIG. 2A) and an impeller mounting plate
16 rotationaly driven by a vertical shaft 18 (FIG. 2) in a conventional
manner.
Fixedly attached to plate 16 are a plurality of impellers 20 of
conventional design. Shaft 18 is pinned, keyed or otherwise conventionally
attached to a shieve 21 and runs in a bearing 22 which is mounted
in a housing 24 fixedly attached to a first support plate 26.
Frame 14 (FIG. 2A) has an outer shell 28 essentially cylindrical
in form which is secured to a base flange 30. Shell 28 is the primary
structural member of rock crusher 12 and is constructed of steel
plate or the like, roll formed by a conventional process. Fixedly
attached by welding, bolting or the like to shell 28 is an upper
flange 32 and a ring 34 (FIG. 2A) both of which strengthen shell
28. Flange 32 and ring 34 are fixedly attached to shell 28 by welding,
bolting or the like, and are of materials similar to that used for
wall 28. Support plate 26 extends through shell 28 and is fixedly
attached thereto. A second support plate 36 and a third support
plate 38 are disposed diametrially opposed to plate 26 and are attached
to housing 24 and shell 28 by suitable and conventional means. A
series of V-belts 40 are disposed around shieve 21 and a drive shieve
42 pinned, keyed or otherwise conventionally attached to a motor
output shaft 44. A motor 46 is vertically mounted to an adjusting
plate 48 which is disposed on plate 26. Plate 26 is slotted to accept
a pair of adjusting blocks 50 attached to plate 48 by welding, bolting
or the like. Blocks 50 act within pair of adjusting screws 52 which
are mounted in a vertical member 54 which is fixedly attached to
plate 26 and a bottom plate 56. Plate 56 is fixedly attached to
wall 28. Adjusting screws 52 are secured by two sets of nuts 58
once proper tension is obtained on belts 40.
A support plate 60 is disposed perpendicular to shell 28 and is
fixedly attached by welding, bolting or the like at an outer surface
62 to shell 28. The diameter of surface 62 being of predetermined
size to slip fit within the diameter formed by an inner surface
64 of shell 28. Support plate 60 extends radially inward from surface
64 a predetermined distance sufficient to support a plurality of
brackets 66 spaced equidistant one to the other around inner surface
64 of shell 28 and extending radially inward a predetermined distance
such that a breaker plate support plate 68 is fixedly attached thereto.
The radial inward extent of bracket 66 and support plate 68 are
sufficient to hold breaker plates 10 when disposed on support plate
68. Additionally a guset 70 is disposed essentially central to each
bracket 66. A first side 72 of guset 70 is fixedly attached to a
top surface 74 of bracket 66 with a second side 76 fixedly attached
to an inner ring 78. Ring 78 is concentric to shell 28 and of a
predetermined diameter to accommodate a plurality of breaker plates
101 disposed on support plate 68 to form a continuous ring of interlocked
breaker plates 10. Ring 78 is of height to accomodate a predetermined
number of layers of breaker plates 10 stacked one upon the other.
A cover 80 of circular configuration is disposed on flange 32 and
shell 28 and has a tubular member 82 essentially perpendicular to
the plane formed by cover 80 and disposed central thereto. A feed
tube 84 is positioned internal to tubular member 82 and extends
above a flange portion 86 thereof and below cover 80. Tubular member
82 is an abrasion resistant casting or the like through which rock
is fed into crusher 12. Cover 80 is secured to flange 32 by a plurality
of clamps 88 which are of the conventional quick release type.
FIG. 3 shows a preferred arrangement of breaker plates 10. Each
plate 10 is essentially a segment of a circular ring 90 consisting
of a plurality of plates 10 interlocked one within the other having
an outer circumferential surface 92 which forms the other circumference
of ring 90 which fits within an inner circumference 94 of ring 78
when disposed as indicated and having a predetermined thickness.
A first side 96 of plate 10 extends inwards at an angle "a"
taken with respect to line-a--a which is a first limit of the circular
segment formed by breaker plate 10. A second side 98 of plate 10
extends inward at an angle "b" taken with respect to line-a--a
to an intersection with an inner surface 100 which is a segment
of an inside circumference of ring 90. A third side 102 of plate
10 extends inward in the same general direction as side 96 at an
angle "0" taken with respect to line b--b which is a second
limit of the circular segment formed by breaker plate 10. A fourth
side 104 of plate 10 extends inward in the same general direction
as side 98 at an angle "w" taken with respect to line
b--b. A side 106 of plate 10 extends inward at an angle "T",
the same general direction as sides 96 and 102. Breaker plate 10
may be constructed from Ni-Hard or similar abrasive resistance material.
A breaker plate 100 of alternative configuration is shown in FIG.
4 wherein there is shown a similar circular ring 90 consisting of
a plurality of plates 100 interlocked one within the other and having
an outer circumferences surface 92. Each plate 110 includes side
108 a side 110 a side 112 and a side 114 which are similar to
sides 96 102 104 and 98 respectively of plates 10. A side 114
extends inward in the same general direction as side 112 at an angle
taken with respect to line a--a. Sides 112 and 114 both interect
with an inner surface 116 of plates 110 which is shown with a plurality
of V-shaped cuts formed horizontally in surface 116. Another configuration
of surface 116 would be one which is a continuous arc between sides
114 and 112.
In FIG. 5 there is shown an alternative construction for interlocking
plates 10 or 100 together and having a post 118 disposed between
a side 120 and a side 122 of adjacent plates 123 and with sides
120 and 122 parallel to a side 124 and a side 126 respectively of
adjacent plate 123. A slot 128 is disposed between sides 124 and
126. Post 118 and slot 128 extend the full thickness of plate 123.
It should be noted that when plates 10100 or 123 are arranged
in multiple rows the spaces between the plates of one row are displaced
with respect to the spaces of the next adjacent row underneath and
the next adjacent row on top.
From the above description it will thus be seen that there has
been provided a simple but effective configuration of breaker plates
for rock crushers and an efficient manner of arranging the breaker
plates within the rock crusher. |