Abstrict A hammer assembly for attachment to a rotor of a rotary material
crusher is disclosed. The hammer assembly includes a hammer member
rigidly connected to the rotor and an extension of the hammer member
having a longitudinal axis disposed parallel and spaced relative
the axis of rotation of the rotor. The extension has a uniform transverse
cross-sectional configuration along the length of the extension.
A cap means is removably connected to the extension for crushing
the material on rotation of the rotor, the cap defining an undercut
portion which cooperates with the extension for locking the cap
adjacent the hammer member.
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A hammer assembly for attachment to the rotor of a rotary material
crusher, said rotor being rotatable about an axis of rotation, said
hammer assembly comprising in combination: a hammer member for rigid
connection to the rotor of said material crusher, said hammer member
having an extension, said extension having a longitudinal axis parallel
with and spaced from said axis of rotation of said rotor when said
hammer member is mounted on said rotor, said extension having a
uniform crosssectional configuration along the length of said extension,
a plurality of first bores, each of said first bores extending through
said extension and having a longitudinal axis extending substantially
perpendicular to said extension within said extension, a cap means
removably mounted on said extension for impacting and crushing material
on rotation of said rotor, said cap means having an undercut portion
which cooperates with a dove tail on said extension for locking
said cap means on said extension, a plurality of second bores through
said cap means transverse to said cap means, each of said second
bores having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to said
first bores when said cap means is mounted on said extension, said
second bores being aligned with third bores extending through said
dove tail of said extension, first and second hard faces on said
cap means with an undercut portion between said hard faces; and
fastening means extending through each of said second and third
bores for fastening said cap means to said extension, said undercut
portion, said dove tail, said first and second hard faces and said
fastening means being symmetrical and enabling said cap means to
be removed from and relocated on said extension in a reversed position
for selectively positioning said first and said second hard faces
of said cap means on said extension for crushing material upon use
of said hammer assembly on a rotor of a rotary material crusher.
2. A hammer assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein said hammer
member is provided with a longitudinal channel having a longitudinal
axis extending parallel to said axis of rotation of the rotor.
3. A hammer assembly as claimed in claim 2 wherein said cap means
extends from a front face of said extension and said longitudinal
channel is provided on a rear face of said extension.
4. A hammer assembly as claimed in claim 3 wherein said cap means
is disposed at a greater radial distance from said axis of rotation
of said rotor than is said longitudinal channel.
5. A hammer assembly as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein
each of said second bores is disposed substantially midway between
said first and said second hard faces so that when said cap means
is rotated through 180.degree. about the longitudinal axes of said
first and said second plurality of bores the positions occupied
by said first and said second hard faces relative said extension
are interchanged.
6. A hammer assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein said undercut
portion on said cap means is of the same general transverse cross-sectional
configuration as said dove tail on said extension but of slightly
greater dimensions so that said cap means may be slid longitudinally
relative to said extension to slide said cap means into locking
engagement with said extension.
7. A hammer assembly as claimed in claim 6 wherein a pair of said
cap means cooperate with each of said hammer members, each of said
cap means being installed by sliding said cap means longitudinally
and parallel relative to the axis of rotation of said rotor.
Description FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a hammer assembly for attachment to a
rotor of a rotary material crusher. More specifically, this invention
relates to a hammer assembly having a reversible cap for crushing
rocks and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In view of the high wear factors imposed upon rock crushing machinery,
many proposals have been made in an attempt to increase the life
of the rock engaging components of such rock crushers.
Traditionally operators of rock crushing machinery have sought
to overcome the gradual loss of efficiency due to wear of the rock
engaging components by hard face welding metal to the rock engaging
components.
When such rock crushers are used for crushing wet and abrasive
lime rock, heavy wear factors are imposed on the impact crusher
hammers, which necessitates frequent hard face welding to the impact
crusher hammers sometimes on a daily basis. In practice four to
ten hours a day have been spent by welders endeavoring to maintain
the efficiency of such rock crushing machinery. Not only is this
welding process an extremely expensive operation, but this operation
also involves considerable danger in that it is often necessary
for the welder to work in a hostile environment and in cramped locations
adjacent the impact crusher hammers.
In order to eliminate this costly and potentially dangerous problem,
rock crushing machinery has been produced that enables the easy
replacement of rock engaging components. A capping system to replace
stock hammers has totally eliminated the need for hard face welding.
Such caps for attachment to the hammer carrier are removably fastened
to the hammer carrier, and when the caps become worn it is a relatively
easy operation to remove the cap and replace the same with new caps.
U.S. Pat. No. 3838826 to J. M. Wallace, et al. assigned to Capeletti
Brothers, Inc. teaches a rotor having diametrically-opposed hammer
carriers. Each of the hammer carriers defines a plurality of dovetail
undercut grooves disposed substantially tangentially relative the
axis of rotation of the rotor. A plurality of hammer caps, each
having a dovetail extension extending therefrom, are able to be
slid tangentially relative the hammer carrier, such that the extension
and groove cooperate to lock the hammer cap in position relative
the hammer carrier. Fastening means are used to rigidly secure the
hammer cap relative the hammer carrier.
While the proposal of Wallace, et al. greatly increased the speed
with which a rotary crusher could be serviced, this proposal still
left a need in the art of a hammer cap that could easily be reversed
such that when wear occurred on one of the rock engaging faces of
the cap, the cap could be reversed, and thus the considerable expense
of replacing a set of hammer caps could be avoided, or at least
halved.
The hammer assembly of the present invention overcomes the aforementioned
inadequacies of the prior art devices by providing a reversible
cap that can easily be oriented through 180.degree. to present a
second hard face into a position for crushing material on rotation
of the rotor. It is the primary object of the present invention
to provide a rotary rock crusher that overcomes the aforementioned
inadequacies of the prior art devices and provides an improvement
which significantly contributes to the reliability and the ease
with which a hammer assembly for a rotary rock crusher may be serviced.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a reversible
cap for fastening to the hammer member, such that the reversible
cap may be oriented through 180.degree..
Another object of the invention is the provision of a hammer assembly
which greatly reduces the cost of replacement of the material engaging
caps.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a reversible
cap for a hammer assembly which avoids the time-consuming and dangerous
operation of welding that has been employed to hard face impact
crusher hammers.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a reversible
cap for a hammer assembly which is quick and simple to install.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a
reversible cap for a rotary material crusher which may be retrofitted
to a plurality of conventional primary impacters.
The foregoing has outlined some of the more pertinent objects of
the present invention. These objects should be construed to be merely
illustrative of some of the more prominent features and applications
of the invention. Many other beneficial results can be attained
by applying the disclosed invention in a different manner or modifying
the invention within the scope of the disclosure. Particularly with
regard to the use of the invention disclosed herein, it should not
be construed as being limited to hammer assemblies for the attachment
to the rotor of a rotary material crusher, but should include reversible
caps for application to any material crushing apparatus and the
like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The hammer assembly of the present invention is defined by the
appended claims with a specific embodiment shown in the attached
drawings. For the purpose of summarizing the invention, the invention
relates to a hammer assembly for attachment to a rotor of a rotary
material crusher or the like. The hammer assembly includes a hammer
member for rigid connection to the rotor. The hammer member has
an extension extending from the hammer member. The extension has
a longitudinal axis parallel with and spaced from the axis of rotation
of the rotor. The extension has a uniform crosssectional configuration
along the length of the extension. A cap is removably connected
to the extension for impacting and crushing the material on rotation
of the rotor. The cap has an undercut portion which cooperates with
a dove tail on the extension for locking the cap on the extension.
In a more specific embodiment of the invention, the extension has
a longitudinal channel which has a longitudinal axis extending parallel
to the axis of rotation of the rotor. The extension has a plurality
of first bores which extend through the extension, each of the first
bores having a longitudinal axis extending substantially perpendicular
to the extension within such extension. The extension further includes
first fastening means which extend through the first bores for fastening
the hammer member to the rotor.
A plurality of second bores, each of which extends through the
cap are disposed so that the longitudinal axes of the second bores
are substantially parallel to the first bores.
The cap further includes a first and a second hard face which extend
respectively along a first and a second portion of the outer surface
of the cap, the first and the second hard faces, respectively, being
disposed parallel relative the axis of rotation of the rotor. The
extension has a plurality of third bores, each of which are disposed
transverse relative the extension and substantially parallel relative
to the axis of rotation of the rotor, such that when the cap is
locked to the extension the third bores are in alignment with and
correspond with the second bores. The third bores extend through
the the extension and extension dove tail. A second fastening means
extends through the second and third bores for fastening the cap
to the extension. The cap first and second hard faces are reversed
when the cap means is rotated through 180.degree. about the longitudinal
axis of the second and third plurality of bores.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the second
bores is disposed substantially midway between the first and the
second hard faces of the cap so that when the cap means is rotated
through 180.degree. about the longitudinal axis of the second and
third plurality of bores the positions occupied by the first and
the second hard faces relative to the extension are interchanged.
The undercut portion defined by the cap means is of the same general
cross-sectional configuration as the dove tail on the extension,
but is of slightly greater dimensions so that the cap means may
be slid longitudinally relative to the extension to slide the cap
into locking engagement with the extension. In the preferred embodiment
of the present invention, a pair of cap means cooperates with each
of the hammer members such that the cap means may be installed by
sliding the cap means longitudinally and parallel relative the axis
of rotation of the rotor. Also in the preferred embodiment of the
present invention, the extension and the undercut portion are both
of uniform dovetail cross-sectional configuration along the length
thereof.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more pertinent and
important features of the present invention in order that the detailed
description of the invention that follows may be better understood
so that the present contribution to the art can be more fully appreciated.
Additionally, features of the invention will be described hereinafter
which form the subject of the claims of the invention. It should
be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and
the specific embodiment disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis
for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the
same purposes of the present invention. It should also be realized
by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do
not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth
in the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention,
reference should be had to the following detailed description taken
in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partially cut away of the hammer assembly
for attachment to a rotor of a rotary material crusher according
to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of the hammer member according
to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the hammer member as shown in FIG.
3.
FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of the hammer member as shown in FIG.
3.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 6--6 of
FIG. 1 showing the cap.
FIG. 7 is a front elevational view of one of the caps when viewed
from the leading side.
Similar reference characters refer to similar parts through the
several views of the drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary material crusher generally
designated 10. The rotary material crusher 10 includes a rotor 12
mounted on a shaft 14. A hammer assembly generally designated 16
is rigidly mounted adjacent the periphery of the rotor 12. The hammer
assembly 16 includes an extension 18 which is rigidly connected
to the rotor 12 by means of a plurality of fastening bolts to be
described hereinafter. The extension 18 has a front face 20 and
a rear face 22. The rear face 22 of the extension 18 defines a longitudinal
channel 24 which extends parallel to the axis of rotation of the
rotor 12. The longitudinal channel 24 cooperates with a correspondingly-shaped
protrusion formed on the rotor 12 such that the extension 18 may
be located and correctly oriented relative the rotor 12. The front
face 20 of the extension 18 includes a dovetail-shaped extension
or extending projection 26. The dovetail extension 26 extends longitudinally
along the front face 20 of extension 18 and extends parallel to
the axis of rotation of the rotor 12. The extension 18 further includes
a top face 28 and a bottom face 30. As shown in FIG. 1 the longitudinal
channel 24 is located near the bottom face 30 and the dovetail
extension 26 is located near the top face 28 of extension 18. A
cap generally designated 32 having a first hard face 48 (FIG. 6)
is secured adjacent extension 18 near the top face 28 of extension
18. A second hard face 52 of the cap is also disposed adjacent the
top face 28 of extension 18 and in side-by-side relationship relative
the first hard face 32.
FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of extension 18 showing the rear
face 22 of extension 18. The channel 24 as shown in FIG. 2 defines
five equally-spaced first bores 36 37 38 39 and 40. Fastening
means including threaded bolts, one of which is shown in FIG. 2
and designated 42 extends through the first bore 38 and threadably
engages a corresponding threaded bore in the rotor 12 to secure
extension 18 the rotor 12.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of extension 18 taken on the line 3--3
of FIG. 2 and shows the longitudinal channel 24 and the bolt 42
extending through the first bore 38. FIG. 3 also shows the dovetail-shaped
extension 26. FIG. 2 shows four second bores 44 45 46 and 47
which extend through extension 18 and the dovetail-shaped extension
26. FIG. 3 shows the second bore 45 extending through extension
18 and the extension 26.
FIG.4 is a top plan view of extension 18 showing the top face 28
and the dovetail-shaped extension 26.
FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of extension 18 showing the bottom
face 30 and the dovetail 26.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 6--6 of
FIG. 1 and shows the cap. The cap 32 includes a first hard face
48 which extends longitudinally along a first portion 50 of the
outer surface of the cap 32 the first portion 50 of the outer surface
being disposed parallel relative the axis of rotation of the rotor
12. A second hard face 52 extends longitudinally along a second
portion 54 of the outer surface of the cap, the second portion being
disposed parallel relative the axis of rotation of the rotor. The
first and the second hard faces 48 and 52 respectively, are disposed
on opposite sides of the cap 32 and a third bore 56 disposed midway
between the hard faces 48 and 52 extends through the cap 32. The
cap 32 includes a leading face 58 and a trailing face 60. The trailing
face 60 defines a undercut portion 62 of dovetail-shaped configuration,
the undercut portion 62 being of slightly greater dimensions than
the external dimensions of the dove tail extension 26 of extension
18. The undercut portion 62 extends longitudinally along the length
of cap 32 such that the extension 26 and the undercut portion 62
may cooperate together to lock cap 32 relative the hammer member
18. The third bore 56 extends from the leading face 58 of the first
cap 32 towards the base 64 of the undercut portion 62. A second
fastening means shown in FIG. 6 as a threaded bolt 66 extends through
the third bore 56 and engages and extends through the second bore
44 of extension 18. The bolt 66 engages a nut (not shown) such that
the cap 32 may be securely fastened to extension 18. The second
and third bores 44 and 56 respectively, have a longitudinal axis
substantially disposed tangentially relative the axis of rotation
of the rotor 12.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the 32 and shows the leading face 58
of cap 32. The cap 32 includes two third bores designated 56 and
68 respectively, and the first and second hard faces 48 and 52
respectively, are disposed at substantially equal distances from
the third bores 56 and 68 respectively.
In operation of the rotary material crusher 10 when the shaft 14
is rotated, the rotor 12 will rotate in a counterclockwise direction
when viewed as showed in FIG. 1 and the first hard face 48 of the
cap 32 will react with and crush material fed into the rotary material
crusher. After a period of operation, due to the abrasive and wear-imparting
characteristics of the material to be crushed, the hard face 48
will become worn. When such wear has taken place, the rotary material
crusher is shut down and the second fastening means, including bolt
66 fastening cap 32 to extension 18 are released. The cap 32 is
slid laterally to disengage the same from the dove tail extension
26 and the cap is oriented through 180.degree. and slid longitudinally
along the dove tail extension 26 such that the second hard face
52 is disposed in the position previously occupied by the first
hard face. The bolts 66 are once again inserted through the third
bores 56 68 70 and 71 respectively, and cap 32 is securely fastened
to extension 18 and the material crusher will once again be ready
for operational use.
The reversible cap of the present invention not only provide a
means for rapidly replacing the hard face for continued reaction
with the material to be crushed, but also halves the cost of such
a wear-compensating operation, because rather than having to replace
the cap as has been the case with the prior art machines, the operator
merely has to orientate the positions of the respective hard faces.
Furthermore, in the prior art replaceable caps it has been necessary
to remove the caps tangentially relative the hammer member, and
this has often necessitated a maintenance operator climbing into
the rotor housing in order to remove the caps from the hammer arm.
With the present invention, in view of the fact that many conventional
rotary material crushers have a side access door disposed adjacent
the side of the hammer member, it is possible for the maintenance
operator to release the cap fastening means and to slide the caps
longitudinally sideways relative the hammer member and orientate
the same relative the hammer member, thereby avoiding the necessity
of the maintenance operator working in a potentially dangerous environment.
The present disclosure includes that contained in the appended
claims as well as that of the foregoing description. Although this
invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain
degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure
of the preferred form has been made only by way of example and that
numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination
and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from
the spirit and scope of the invention. |