Abstrict Centrifugal thrower-crusher device for arid matter and other materials
having a revolvable inertia wheel (1) and mallets (2) diametrally
matched on at least one face of the wheel inside a housing (3) with
a front opening (8) at the side in which the mallets (2) are housed
in a peripheral channel (17), while in the periphery another opening
is defined (9), through which the materials leave thrown selectively
in a centrifugal projection.
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A centrifugal matter throwing device, comprising: a shaft; a
wheel mounted on said shaft for drivably rotating the wheel, said
wheel having on a face thereof a plurality of shoveling members,
comprising mallets fixed thereto and configured to impel matter
introduced into the device when rotated, and said wheel further
comprising at least one component disposed between the shaft and
the mallets, each component having an edge for imparting an impact
adapted to break the matter fed into the device through a front
opening; a frame around the wheel, said frame having said front
opening through which the matter can be fed into the device, and
a peripheral channel in which the matter is impelled by rotation
of the shoveling members, the peripheral channel having an angularly
adjustable peripheral opening through which the impelled matter
is projected in a throw direction.
2. A centrifugal matter throwing device according to claim 1 wherein
the frame is mounted on an assembly to provide movement around a
vertical axis for angularly selecting the throw direction in a horizontal
plane.
3. A centrifugal matter throwing device according to claim 1 wherein
each component is elongate and aligned radially relative to the
shaft.
4. A centrifugal matter throwing device according to claim 1 wherein
the wheel has a plurality of mallets fixed on both sides thereof
for impelling the matter introduced into the device, and wherein
said frame comprises a pair of front openings, one for each side
of the wheel.
Description The present invention refers to a centrifugal throwing device,
able to throw arid matter such as stones, earth, gravel, etc. .
. . at great distance; they are to be applied for diverse activities,
in mining and public works, as well as in forest and agricultural
environments.
Within the state of art, arid matter throwing machines are already
known for several objectives, among which we mainly find out the
extinction of fires, being all the existing machines of this type,
carried out and conditioned for an application with materials of
reduced size, which makes the disposition of a selective screening
of the materials necessary before their introduction into the throwing
device.
That is the case for example, for the machines referred to in the
Patents, as well as the U.S. Pat. No. 2561701 U.S. Pat. No. 4852656
and U.S. Pat. No. 5214867 in which the throwing device is preceded
by a screen that selects the size of the arid matter, only allowing
the passage of the finest ones, to throw them by means of a blade
rotor or using air driving means as in the case of the Spanish Utility
model 9393104.
In the mentioned machines the product projection exit is established
by means of a fixed outlet or through a directional conduit, which
determines an important braking of the products in the throwing
projection, making the reach limited to reduced distances.
Machines called "unstoning devices" are also known. They
are generally used in the agricultural environment, to eliminate
the big stones from the cultivation fields, using in this case articulators
of mallets or hammers, which hit and crush the stones, letting the
remains in the same place where the machine is situated, without
throwing them. Such is the case, for example, for the machine referred
to in the Spanish Utility Model 9601322 as well as the machines
of the U.S. Pat. No. 4819886 and the DE 2826191.
In accordance with the present invention a centrifugal throwing
device is proposed, developed according to a new realization and
operation concept, so that no selecting screening of the materials
is needed, and above all, as a fundamental feature it presents the
fact it is able to direct and throw the arid matter at distances
which are unreachable with the solutions known up to now.
The throwing device, object of the invention, consists in an articulator
made up of an inertia wheel, on which some fixed mallets are incorporated
perpendicularly at least to one of the faces, preferably matched
in diametrical opposition, this articulator is housed inside a frame
opened up at the side of the mallets and with a directional opening
at the periphery, remaining defined inside a peripheral channel,
in which the mallets are situated.
This way a device is obtained in which GB 114946 disclosed an excavating
machine which incorporates a rotor with a ring shaped space, blades
which extend in a radial way, which take the ground from the operating
unit ramp and brush the ground along the lower plate. Two continuous
belts next to the rotor at opposite sides of the rotor are situated
in such a way that there is a space between them and the upper part
of the rotor to leave the ground outside the rotor. These belts
which are mounted on inverted guiding barrels, are a continuation
of the lower plate and are driven by the rotor due to the friction.
Only one belt can be used at a time to discharge the ground at one
side or the other of the machine, according to the direction of
rotation of the rotor. To prevent that the hauled stones and moved
ground damage the belts, the barrels are made up of a set of rollers
made of elastic material. the mallets act as shovels, impelling
the materials centrifugally, the mentioned materials fall in the
first place in the peripheral channel after entering through the
lateral frame opening, so that the mentioned materials are projected
radially when they find the peripheral opening.
The mass of the inertia wheel provides an impulsive capacity that
allows to drag the materials with great force, exercising the mallets
a catapulting action which originates long reach throwing.
The material throwing takes moreover place with direct exit through
the peripheral opening without any channelling conduit, with which
the use of the whole driving force is achieved, since there is no
braking friction, except for the resistance of the air, reaching
great distances, which can surpass fifty meters, as compared to
the five or six meters reach provided by the conventional throwing
devices with directional outlet conduits.
The frame periphery, in which the projection outlet opening is
defined, is revolvably motive regarding the central axis, which
allows to direct the mentioned projection outlet opening selectively,
according to a radial direction, which is variable in height, allowing
this way the regulation of the projection reach at convenience.
The throwing set is moreover foreseen in assembly disposition with
the possibility of horizontal movement, allowing this way, in turn,
a selective regulation of the throwing orientation in a horizontal
sweeping, so that by means of this orientation and regulation of
the throwing reach the projection can be to the point that is wanted
within a wide operation area.
The feeding of the throwing device can be carried out through a
chute that is loaded by other independent means, in charge of breaking
off and picking up the materials that are to be thrown from the
ground; but the throwing device can also be foreseen of means to
pick up the materials from the ground while moving, being situated
on a haulage vehicle.
The inertia wheel can also be foreseen of crushing edges, to carry
out a crushing effect on the materials to be thrown, which are introduced
into the frame, this way easing up the throwing action, mainly by
reducing the dimensions of the stones and other objects of a big
size, which otherwise would not enter, in the throwing channel,
in view of their size.
This way an arid matter throwing device is obtained that is of
great use in multiple applications, such as for example: the movement
of arid matter or lands by means of a jet thrown into the air, in
public works or similar, to cover slopes, banks, to open channels,
in levelling, land levelling, etc. . . . the movement of arid matter
or lands in works related with agriculture, for the opening of watering
and drainage channels, the opening of gutters in roads, the levelling
of lands, the extinction of agricultural fires, etc. . . . the movement
of arid matter or lands in forest environments, for the opening
of gutters, the realization of fire walls, the extinction of forest
fires, etc. . . . the movement of arid matter, minerals, lands,
etc. . . . in the mining area.
FIG. 1 represents a lateral view in section of the preconized throwing
device according to a realization example.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the inertia wheel of the throwing device.
FIGS. 3 and 8 are corresponding views in diametrical section of
the inertia wheel as indicated in the previous figure.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the throwing device indicating the angle
of the selective vertical variation of the throwing direction.
FIG. 5 is a view in ground plan of the thrower frame, indicating
the angle of the selective horizontal variation of the throwing
direction.
FIG. 6 is a perspective of the peripheral casing of the thrower
frame, according to a realization of the mentioned casing in an
annular way opened up at the two faces.
FIG. 7 is a perspective of the peripheral casing of the thrower
frame, according to a realization of the mentioned casing in bowl
shape.
The object of the invention consists in a centrifugal throwing
device dedicated to the movement of materials such as earth, gravel,
stones, etc. . . . by means of jet projection into the air, using
for it an inertia wheel (1), provided with perpendicularly outstanding
mallets (2) that function as impelling shovels.
The set of inertia wheel (1) with mallets (2) is included inside
a frame (3), in assembly on a shaft (4) that stands out to connect
turning impelling means. According to a realization, the mentioned
shaft (4) incorporates at its outer part means (5) to connect in
revolvable transmission regarding other similar means (6) situated
on a motion shaft (7); without this being a limitative realization,
since the revolvable operation of the shaft (4) can be determined
by means of any other transmission means without altering the object.
The inertia wheel (1) can be provided with mallets (2) only at
one face, or on both faces, determining in its case the frame (3)
a front opening (8) correspondingly at one or at both sides, according
to the mentioned mallet arrangement (2).
From the edge of the respective front opening (8) a peripheral
channel (17) remains defined in each case, in which the corresponding
mallets (2) are situated in the way it can be seen in FIG. 1.
The frame (3) consists in two front plates (3.1), between which
a peripheral casing (3.2) is included, being the front plates (3.1)
fixed to each other by means of separating bushings (3.3) and fastening
screws (3.4); while the peripheral casing (3.2) remains situated
by means of lateral fittings (3.5) regarding the mentioned front
plates (3.1), being these fittings (3.5) built up as slipping guides
that allow the revolvable mobility of the mentioned peripheral casing
(3.2).
In the mentioned peripheral casing (3.2) an opening (9) remains
determined, also incorporating lengthwise at the outside a rack,
through which the angular movement of the referred peripheral casing
(3.2) is possible, by means of a motor or any other operation transmission
means, for the suitable selective orientation of the opening (9).
According to a realization, the mentioned peripheral casing (3.2)
can be ring-shaped, i.e. opened up at the two faces, in the way
it is represented in FIG. 6 for the disposition in assembly according
to FIG. 1 but so as to have a greater according to warping, a realization
of the mentioned peripheral casing (3.2) is possible in the shape
of a bowl, in the way it is represented in FIG. 7 with a central
opening in the closed part of the passage of the shaft (4) during
the assembly.
This way, by establishing the revolvable operation of the inertia
wheel (1), when introducing materials of any kind (earth, gravel,
stones, etc. . . .) in the frame (3), through the respective front
opening (8), when these materials enter the peripheral channel (17)
they are revolvably beaten and pushed by the mallets (2), which
by means of this action give a centrifugal impulse, which makes
that the mentioned materials tend to leave projected radially, so
that when they find the peripheral opening (9) they are thrown out
through it.
The throwing direction varies in height according to the opening
position (9), which can be regulated selectively in an angle (1),
as can be observed in FIG. 4 by means of the revolvable mobility
of the peripheral casing (3.2), so that the fall of the thrown materials
takes place at the wanted place. In any case, the exit of the materials
takes place in a free way, without any braking action that diminishes
the throwing, as there is no projection conduit in which friction
could take place.
The frame (3) is also foreseen to be situated in a fixing assembly
regarding to supports (11), as it is appreciated in FIG. 1 with
decisive joining of a vertical shaft (12), regarding which the throwing
set can be tilted horizontally, allowing this way to direct the
material throwing selectively in a horizontally orientated sweeping
(13), as it is represented on FIG. 5. The same possibility of horizontal
orientation is obviously reached with a disposition of the throwing
set in supporting assembly on a horizontal running gear, this without
altering the concept.
The combination of the vertical directional regulation (10), with
the horizontal directional regulation (13), allows to direct the
material throwing to exact points, within a wide operation area;
varying the area that can be covered with the throwing, in function
of the simplicity of the throwing device, i.e. with mallets (2)
on a single side of the inertia wheel 91), and with entrance (8)
of materials through a single side of the frame (3); or in double
realization, i.e. with the inertia wheel (1) provided with mallets
(2) on both sides and with material entrance (8) on both sides of
the frame (3), in which case the material throwing outlet (9) will
obviously be double, thus covering the projection of the thrown
materials, a bigger width.
The material entrance through the opening or openings (8) can also
be carried out in a completely free way, without the need of previous
selective screening, since the mallets (2) are able to impel any
material that enters through the opening (8) to the frame interior
(3).
On the inertia wheel (1), nevertheless, the disposition of some
crushing edges (14) is foreseen, which collaborate with the mallets
(2) in the revolvable material drag, impacting at first on these,
so that when they are stones or blocks of a big size, they are broken
into pieces of a smaller size by the impact, until they fit in the
peripheral throwing channel (17).
The introduction of the material into the inside of the frame (3)
can be carried out through a chute situated for such an effect,
which can be loaded by means of the machine support itself, in combination
with means on the machine that carry out the breaking off and the
collection of the materials from the ground. Another solution is
to load the feeding chute of the throwing device by means of the
shovel of an independent tractor, by means of which the material
is broken off and collected from the ground independently from the
throwing machine support.
According to a realization, the throwing device can however be
foreseen of a scraper (15) as an approaching funnel in connection
with the entrance opening (8) of the materials to be thrown, incorporating
the mentioned scraper (15) a blade (16) in frontal projection from
the lower part.
This way the throwing device can be situated to be taken in traversely
positioned haulage, by means of an agricultural tractor or similar
vehicle, so that when it is located in low position the blade (16)
is fixed into the ground, making that the materials which are cut
off enter because of the advancing in the frame (3), through the
mentioned scraper (15), obtaining this way the thrower feeding in
a direct continuous way by only its movement. |