Abstrict A wear resistant lining for the inside wall of the bottom shell
of a gyratory crusher which includes a plurality of flat plates
made out of wear resistant steel plate and having a generally trapezoidal
shape and each having a pair of spaced apart holes therein. The
plates are placed on the inside of the bottom shell of a gyratory
crusher adjacent to each other to encircle the inside of the bottom
shell. The holes in each plate are fitted with universal fittings
which permit alignment of fasteners which pass through into a hole
in the bottom shell of the crusher to enable the wear resistant
plates to be secured to the inside of the shell.
Claims I claim:
1. A wear resistant lining for the bottom shell of a crusher wherein
the inside of the bottom shell is a hollow generally truncated cone
comprising:
a plurality of wear resistant plates each mounted on the inside
of the bottom shell of the crusher adjacent to each other, to thereby
encircled the inside of the bottom shell;
each of said plates being substantially flat and having at least
one hole therethrough;
a plurality of fastener means, each operatively associated with
one of the holes in said plates and the bottom shell of the crusher
for securing said plate to the inside of the bottom shell; and
a plurality of universal fittings, each adapted to be positioned
in one of the holes in said plates;
each of said fastener means being operatively associated with one
of the universal fittings for securing its associated fitting in
its respective hole in said plate.
2. A wear resistant lining for the bottom shell of a crusher according
to claim 1 wherein the bottom shell of the crusher includes a plurality
of holes therein, each generally aligned with the holes in said
wear resistant plates, and said holes in said plates are tapered
and said universal fitting includes a disk means having a slot therein
and said fastener means extends through said slot and into a hole
in said bottom shell.
3. A wear resistant lining for the bottom shell of a crusher according
to claim 2 wherein each of said plates is generally trapezoidal
in shape and is made from wear resistant steel.
4. A wear resistant lining for the inside of a crusher comprising:
a plurality of wear resistant plates, each mounted on the inside
of the crusher;
each of said plates having at least one hole therethrough;
a plurality of fastener means; and
a plurality of universal fittings, each adapted to be positioned
in one of the holes in said plates;
each of said fastener means being operatively associated with one
of the universal fittings and the crusher for securing its associated
fitting in its respective hole in the plate and for securing said
plate to the inside of the crusher.
Description BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to gyratory crushers and more specifically
to a wear resistant lining for the bottom shell for a gyratory crusher
which simplifies manufacturing of the crusher and specifically the
placement of a wear resistant lining in the bottom shell of a gyratory
crusher.
Gyratory crushers have been known for many years. Large gyratory
crushers may include a top shell and a middle shell which together
define the crushing chamber. A bottom shell is attached to the middle
shell and defines an area below the crushing chamber which receives
crushed rock and discharges it from the machine. The crushing chamber
is, of course, provided with a wear resistant lining normally consisting
of segments of cast manganese steel suitably mounted in the inside
of the upper and middle shells. Some crushers, such as those used
in crushing less abrasive materials such as certain limestones,
do not have the inside of the bottom shell lined because the service
is such that there is a minimum of wear of the bottom shell. If
wear does occur, repair can be made by welding material onto the
inside of the bottom shell, or by the addition of a material such
as railroad rails or ultimately, by replacement of the bottom shell.
Crushers which are subjected to more severe service, such as those
used in mining abrasive materials such as copper and iron ores,
often include a bottom shell which is lined with cast manganese
steel segments similar to those which line the crushing chamber.
The present invention relates to an improved lining for the bottom
shell of a gyratory crusher which will replace the use of cast manganese
steel liners used prior to the present invention.
Prior practice in lining the bottom shell of a large gyratory crusher
consisted of using cast manganese segments with these segments being
cast in a generally arcuate shape which is designed to conform to
the conical shape of the bottom shell. Each of these segments is
cast with a plurality of holes therethrough. In order to install
the liners the segment is placed against the inside of the bottom
shell, location of the hole in the segment is marked on the bottom
shell and then the bottom shell is drilled to receive a fastener,
which fastener is used to secure the lining segment to the inside
of the bottom shell. The holes in the shell cannot be drilled according
to predetermined measurements because the cast holes in the liner
segments can shift from their intended position during the casting
process. Several disadvantages result from this technique. When
the manganese segments are cast and cooled, the actual configuration
does not always conform to the intended configuration. The cooled
segments do not always have the same radius as the radius of curvature
of the bottom shell. This means that the cast segments of improper
shape have to be corrected by heating and forming the segment thereby
increasing costs. In addition, the holes through the shell are not
always located exactly as planned because of operator error. Because
prior practice requires drilling from the inside of the shell, it
can be a noisy undesirable job for an operator, thus increasing
the possibility of error. The entire operation of lining the bottom
shell of a large gyratory crusher is a "cut and fit" operation
and takes a substantial number of man hours.
In addition to the above problems with prior techniques for lining
the bottom shell of a gyratory crusher, the use of cast segments
had additional problems. For each bottom shell size, the liner segments
will have a different configuration, either radius of curvature
or dimensions. This means that for each bottom shell size, there
must be a complete set of expensive patterns made to enable casting
of the proper size liner segments. These patterns must be maintained
as long as it is desired to be able to supply replacement liners.
Each time a bottom shell of a given size is cast, the finished
casting will have a slightly different configuration from the previously
cast shell made from that pattern. This is inherent in casting techniques.
This change in slight configuration means that the lining segment
patterns must be adjusted in configuration to each new shell. This
increases costs and the amount of time required to construct both
the liner segments themselves and the completed, lined shell.
By the present invention, an arrangement has been designed whereby
the bottom shell of a gyratory crusher may be lined with a wear
resistant steel plate cut to the desired dimensions rather than
using cast segments. These plates may be provided with a pair of
holes drilled or burned therethrough and the bottom shell itself
may be drilled from the outside with the holes located by measurement
in a conventional manner rather than by actually placing the lining
plates in the bottom shell and then drilling from the inside of
the bottom shell.
SUMMARY
It is therefore the principal object of this invention to provide
a novel lining plate for use in lining the bottom shell of a gyratory
crusher.
It is another object of this invention to provide a wear resistant
lining for the bottom shell of a crusher which will reduce manufacturing
costs of the lining and reduce installation costs of the lining.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a novel
wear resistant lining for the bottom shell of a crusher which will
permit an increase in the quality of replacement liner parts.
In general, the foregoing and other objects will be carried out
by providing for use in lining the inside of the bottom shell of
a crusher wherein the bottom shell is in the form of a hollow truncated
cone, a substantially flat, trapezoidal shaped, wear resistant plate
including means for permitting the plate to be secured to the inside
of the bottom shell of a crusher.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described in connection with the annexed
drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a gyratory crusher which employs
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the bottom shell of a gyratory crusher
employing the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view partially in section of the bottom
shell of a gyratory crusher;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a portion of the bottom shell showing
the apparatus for fastening the lining of the present invention
to the bottom shell; and
FIG. 5 is a view of one of the lining segments of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1 there is shown a typical gyratory crusher,
generally indicated at 1 which includes a top shell 2 a middle
shell 3 and a bottom shell 4 having an inner wall 4a. The top shell
2 is secured to the middle shell 3 and the middle shell is secured
to the bottom shell 4 by means of suitable fasteners such as bolts
5. The entire crusher may be supported on a suitable foundation
6. The top shell 2 and middle shell 3 are lined with cast manganese
wearing material 7 in a well known manner.
The crusher includes a main shaft 8 with a head generally indicated
at 9 and including a head core 10 mounted on the main shaft 8. A
mantle 11 of wear resistant material such as cast manganese steel
is secured to the head core 10 by means of a head nut 12. The main
shaft is suspended within the crusher 1 by a spider 13 with suitable
fasteners (not shown) or by suitable hydraulic support (not shown)
in the frame, all in a well known manner. Wear resistant material
14 may cover the top of the spider 13 and be secured thereto by
bolts 15.
The crusher includes a countershaft 16 driven by a suitable motor
(not shown). A drive pinion 17 is mounted on the countershaft 16
and meshes with a driving gear 18. An eccentric 19 is connected
to the driving gear 18 and surrounds the main shaft 8. A bushing
20 is positioned between the eccentric 19 and the main shaft 8.
A crushing chamber 21 is defined by the top shell 2 and middle shell
3 and more specifically between the lining 7 and the wear resistant
cover 11 of the head 9. In a well known manner, as the countershaft
16 is driven, the eccentric 19 is rotated by gear 18. This causes
the main shaft and connected head 9 to gyrate within the top and
middle shells about an axis with spider 13 causing stone within
crushing chamber 21 to be crushed as the head approaches and moves
away from the crusher shell defined by top shell 2 and middle shell
3.
Stone which is crushed in chamber 21 will fall through the crusher
and through bottom shell 4. When a crusher is subjected to severe
service such as in copper and iron ore mining operations, stone
within bottom shell 4 will be thrown around and against the inside
of the bottom shell 4 causing wear. In order to prevent severe wear
of the bottom shell itself, it has been known to line the bottom
shell 4 with a suitable wear resistant material such as segments
of cast manganese steel. When these segments become worn beyond
acceptable limits, they must be replaced. By the present invention,
a novel means for lining the inner wall 4a of the bottom shell has
been devised.
Referring to FIGS. 2 to 5 the novel lining of the present invention
includes a plurality of flat plates which are cut from flat wear
resistant plate such as rolled steel plate. These flat plates are
generally designated at 25 and are generally trapezoidal in shape.
Each of the plates includes means for permitting the plate 25 to
be secured to the shell 4 such as a pair of holes 26. The holes
26 have tapered or conical sides 27. The plates 25 are to be secured
to the inside 4a of the bottom shell 4 adjacent to each other as
shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to encircle the inside of the bottom shell
to thereby form a complete lining 29. The trapezoidal shape permits
complete encirclement of the truncated conical inside of the bottom
shell.
A universal fitting generally indicated at 30 is provided to be
positioned within each of the holes 26 for securing the plate 25
to the shell 4. This universal fitting 30 includes a conical disc
31 having an elongated slot 32 therethrough which is countersunk
at 33. A plurality of fastener means 34 including bolts 35 and nuts
36 are provided with each fastener means 34 being operatively associated
with one of the universal fittings by passing through the slot 32
into and through one of a plurality of holes 38 in the bottom shell
4.
The universal fitting 30 permits placement of the lining segment
25 even if the holes 38 are not exactly aligned with the holes 26.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 this feature of the invention is best
shown. If the axis of the hole 38 is considered to be line 40 and
the axis of the hole 26 is considered to be line 41 then it can
be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5 that the hole 26 need not be aligned
with the hole 38. The universal fitting 30 or disc 31 may be rotated
relative to the plate 25 and the fastener means 34 may be moved
in slot 32 to permit the securing of the plate 25 to the shell 4
even if the holes are not properly aligned. If the hole 38 is not
perpendicular to the shell 4 or the axis 40 of hole 38 is not parallel
to axis 41 of hole 26 the tapered walls 27 of the hole 26 and the
conical sides of the disc 31 compensate for this deficiency and
insure that the bolt 35 will hold the plate 25 unto the shell 4.
In assembly of the lining to the shell 4 after the plates 25 are
cut from stock, the holes 26 can be burned or drilled therein. At
the same time the holes 38 in the shell 4 can be located by measurement
and drilled. The plates 25 can then be secured to the inside of
the shell 4 by use of the universal fittings 30 and fastener means
34. Even if the holes 26 and holes 38 are misaligned, the plates
can be used. This will eliminate wastage of improperly drilled plates.
Each plate need not be individually fit to the inside of the shell
before the hole in the shell for securing the lining plates 25 is
drilled. Because the wear resistant lining plates 25 are made from
flat wear resistant material, there is no lost manufacturing or
assembly time due to improper casting or undesired deformation during
cooling. The total of these features results in a substantial reduction
in cost. There is a further cost reduction when it becomes necessary
to replace the lining 29 due to wear. Plates 25 can be manufactured
to original specifications and dimensions and they will fit as long
as reasonable tolerances are maintained.
From the foregoing it should be apparent that the objects of this
invention have been carried out. A crusher lining has been provided
which substantially reduces the cost of manufacturing by reducing
the cost of assembly time.
It is intended that the foregoing be merely a description of a
preferred embodiment and that the invention be limited solely by
that which is within the scope of the appended claims. |