Abstrict A load display device for a crusher, which is capable of efficiently
performing crushing work by making an operator recognize a load
condition, is provided. For this purpose, the load display device
for the crusher, which displays the load condition at a crushing
section in the crusher, includes a monitor (30) provided at a location
which the operator is able to recognize visually, and a screen (31)
which is provided on the monitor (30) and graphically displays a
condition of a load at a crushing section (4A).
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A load display device for a crusher for displaying a load condition
at a crushing section in the crusher, comprising: a monitor provided
at a location which an operator is able to recognize visually; and
a screen which is provided on said monitor and graphically displays
a condition of a load at said crushing section.
2. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 1
wherein a frequency of excessive load within a predetermined time
at said crushing section and a number of changes of a rotating direction
of said crushing section within a predetermined time are displayed
as additional load display.
3. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 1
wherein load display is made corresponding to a selected object
to be processed, on a load display part of said screen.
4. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 3
wherein a frequency of excessive load within a predetermined time
at said crushing section and a number of changes of a rotating direction
of said crushing section within a predetermined time are displayed
as additional load display.
5. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 1
wherein load display made on said screen is level display which
relates to magnitude of the load at a driving section for driving
said crushing section, and is made with an allowable load as a maximum.
6. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 5
wherein a frequency of excessive load within a predetermined time
at said crushing section and a number of changes of a rotating direction
of said crushing section within a predetermined time are displayed
as additional load display.
7. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 5
wherein said level display is made corresponding to a selected object
to be processed.
8. The load display device for the crusher according to claim 7
wherein a frequency of excessive load within a predetermined time
at said crushing section and a number of changes of a rotating direction
of said crushing section within a predetermined time are displayed
as additional load display.
Description TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a load display device for
a crusher, which is used for crushing objects to be crushed such
as industrial wastes, stones and rocks, and the other massive and/or
long objects.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] As for a crushing apparatus (crusher) for crushing objects
to be crushed, there are conventionally mobile types (a towed type,
a self-propelled type and the like) in addition to stationary types.
For example, as for a self-propelled crusher, a biaxial shearing
type crushing apparatus including a hopper into which objects to
be crushed are charged at a position of an end portion at one side
(hereinafter, called a rear side) in a longitudinal direction of
a vehicle body frame, is loaded on a top portion of the vehicle
body frame including a carrier. A power source such as an engine,
which is disposed in series with the aforesaid crushing apparatus,
is loaded at a position of an end portion at the other side (hereinafter,
called a front side) in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle
body frame. Further, a Conveyor for transferring crushed objects
subjected to the crushing processing is provided from the position
under the aforesaid crushing apparatus toward the front. A magnetic
separator is additionally provided at an upper portion midway of
conveyor so as to be able to select and remove metal included in
the nonmetallic crushed objects such as house dismantling wastes.
[0003] In the crusher as described above, an operation method,
in which an operator gets on, for example, a loader or the like
for mainly loading objects to be processed (objects to be crushed)
to perform an operation by a remote control, and directly charges
the objects to be processed into the biaxial shearing type crushing
apparatus from above the hopper, is adopted. On charging the objects
to be processed, the operator adjusts a charging amount based on
the experience under present circumstances. Since the operator mainly
grasps the charging amount by visual measurement or the like, and
the charging amount varies considerably depending on the shape and
the quality of the objects to be processed which the operator deals
with, the crusher is easily under excessive load, and a skill is
demanded.
[0004] It gives the operator a large burden to operate the crushing
apparatus by depending on the skill of the operator so that the
load on the crushing apparatus is not excessive, and it causes the
problem that once the operator makes a mistake in visual measurement,
the object to be crushed are clogged in a crushing section, which
makes it impossible to continue a normal operation, and much time
is spent on repair such as removal of the clogged crushed object
and the like to reduce workability seriously. Thus, as a prior art
to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent No. 2628054 is known. According
to Japanese Patent No. 2628054 in a crushing apparatus for rocks
and stones, a television camera is placed at a crushing section
to recognize the condition of the crushing section visually by a
screen image, and a controller for controlling a transfer speed
of a rough stone by an object to be crushed supplying conveyor for
supplying the objects to be crushed to the crushing section is provided.
This is the method of controlling the transfer speed of the aforesaid
object to be crushed supplying conveyor to be optimal from an operator's
cab of a loader while the operator visually recognizes the condition
of the crushing section by a television monitor by making it possible
to receive an image taken by the aforesaid television camera in
the television monitor at the cab seat of the loading vehicle in
which the operator is riding.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] However, in the art known by the aforesaid Japanese Patent
No. 2628054 the operator determines the condition of the crushing
section by seeing the screen image taken by the television camera.
Accordingly, though it is considered that the operator can concretely
grasp the condition, the operator does not directly detect the load
at the crushing section, but the operator only sees the bulk of
the objects to be crushed which are transferred by the supply conveyor,
and the operator does not know the change in a crushing force according
to the hardness and the like of the objects to be crushed. Consequently,
this becomes the indirect detection of the load, which depends on
the ability of the operator, and if the operator tries to perform
the control normally, a sense of fatigue is enhanced, which is not
preferable for mental health. Further, skill is demanded of the
control, and if the control is not favorably performed, the crushing
apparatus is sometimes under excessive load and has to be stop operation,
which requires time for repair, thus causing the problem that the
operation efficiency is reduced or the like. Further, there exists
the problem that much dust occurs to make it difficult to see the
screen image.
[0006] For example, in a crushing apparatus for performing crushing
processing of industrial wastes and the like, the objects in various
shapes and forms are dismantled and crushed as the objects to be
processed that arc handled there are metallic products, house dismantling
wastes, straw matting, and automobile tires. In contrast to the
metallic products (mainly the cases of home electric appliances.
waste bicycles, and the like), and the house dismantling wastes
(mainly wood products), as to the objects to be processed which
is difficult to cut such as straw matting and automobile tires which
are soft, with long fibers, and high in tenacity, it is not easy
to determine the load at the crushing section at their processing
time in accordance with the charging amount or the bulk of the objects
to be processed. Consequently, if the operation is mistakenly performed,
the phenomenon that the objects to be crushed is caught in the crushing
section, or clogged in the peripheral portion occurs, and excessive
load occurs to make the operation difficult, and much time is spent
on repair. Accordingly, it is necessary for the operator to adjust
the charging amount while determining the condition at the time
of processing based on the experience without depending on the visual
recognition, and there arises the problem that the skill in the
operation for operating the crushing apparatus is demanded.
[0007] The present invention is made to solve the problems as above,
and has its object to provide a load display device for a crusher
capable of performing a crushing work efficiently by making an operator
directly recognize a load condition by displaying a load at a crushing
section.
[0008] In order to attain the aforementioned object, the load display
device for the crusher according to the present invention is a load
display device for displaying a load condition at a crushing section,
and comprises a monitor provided at a location which an operator
is able to recognize visually, and a screen which is provided on
the monitor and graphically displays a condition of a load at the
crushing section.
[0009] According to the above constitution, the load condition
at the crushing section is graphically displayed on the screen of
the monitor, so that the operator can determine the present condition
of the load by seeing the screen. By doing so, the actual load condition
can be determined, and by estimating the progress, the next charge
of the objects to be processed into the crushing section can be
reasonably performed, thus making it possible to perform a smooth
operation continuously.
[0010] It is preferable that load display made on the screen is
level display which relates to magnitude of the load at a driving
section for driving the crushing section and is made with an allowable
load as a maximum. According to this constitution, the operator
can estimate the change of load, and can realize prevention of excessive
load and prevention of stop of the operation, which is useful in
enhancing the operation efficiency.
[0011] It is preferable that level display is made corresponding
to a selected object to be processed. Alternatively, the load display
is made corresponding to a selected object to be processed, on a
load display part of the screen. According to the constitutions,
load display corresponding to the various kinds of objects to be
processed is made during crushing, and there is the advantage of
making it possible to perform operation in the state in which excessive
load is not caused.
[0012] Further, it is preferable that a frequency of excessive
load within a predetermined time at the crushing section and a number
of changes of a rotating direction of the crushing section within
a predetermined time are displayed as additional load display. According
to this constitution, on the occasion of crushing processing of
the objects to be processed which are not easy to crush, at the
time of occurrence of excessive load, the excessive load is released
by reversely rotating the crushing means, and it is easily determined
whether the operation is continued by the reverse rotation within
a predetermined time or the operation is stopped to perform check,
or the like. Since the situation of the progress is graphically
displayed, and can be determined without always watching it, the
situation of the progress is easily seen and fatigue is not felt,
thus facilitating the operation for operating the crushing apparatus,
and remarkably enhancing workability.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] FIG. 1 is a side view of a self-propelled biaxial shearing
type crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0014] FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1;
[0015] FIG. 3 is a view showing a panel surface of an operating
panel including a load display monitor according to an embodiment;
[0016] FIG. 4 is a view showing an outer shape of the load display
monitor according to the embodiment;
[0017] FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are screens in the load display monitor
according to the embodiment, FIG. 5A is a screen for selection of
a mode according to objects to be crushed, and FIG. 5B is a display
screen at the time of working;
[0018] FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B show screens in the load display monitor
according to the embodiment, FIG. 6A shows a screen of a straw matting
mode, and FIG. 6B shows a screen of a pallet mode;
[0019] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D are views of screens showing load conditions
in the pallet mode, according to the embodiment, FIG. 7A is a working
mode screen under light load, FIG. 7B is a working mode screen under
heavy load, FIG. 7C is a working mode screen under maximum load,
and FIG. 7D is a load display screen under maximum load.
[0020] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C are views of screens displaying the load
display part by enlarging it, according to the embodiment, and show
the change in the number of excessive loads, FIG. 8A is a case in
which the number of excessive loads is one. FIG. 8B is a case in
which the number of excessive loads is two, and FIG. 8C is a case
in which the number of excessive loads is three.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0021] A concrete embodiment of a load display device for a crusher
according to the present invention will be explained with reference
to the drawings.
[0022] The explanation will be made with use of FIG. 1 to FIG.
3. A self-propelled biaxial shearing type crusher 1 (hereinafter,
called a crusher 1) of this embodiment is loaded with a biaxial
shearing type crushing apparatus 4 which includes a hopper 5 into
which objects to be crushed are charged and a crushing section 4A
for crushing the charged objects to be crushed at a rear position,
on a top portion of a vehicle body frame 3 including a base carrier
2. A power source 6 such as an engine, which is disposed in series
with the crushing apparatus 4 is loaded at a front position on
the top portion of the vehicle body frame 3. A belt conveyor 7 for
transferring crushed objects subjected to crushing processing is
provided along an axis line of the vehicle body frame 3 from a position
under the crushing apparatus 4 toward the front. The belt conveyor
7 is protruded diagonally upward from a front portion of a vehicle
body so as to be able to perform loading into a deck (not shown)
of a truck receiving a load from an end portion. A magnetic separator
8 is provided at a front portion of the vehicle body frame 3 across
a top portion of the conveyor 7 so that when the crushed objects
are nonmetallic materials, metal pieces included in the crushed
objects, which are crushed and transferred by the conveyor 7 are
selected and taken out to the outside of the conveyor 7.
[0023] The operation of the crusher 1 with such a constitution
is usually performed by an operator of a material handling machine
such as a loader (not shown) for loading the objects to be processed
and charging them into the crushing apparatus 4 by a remote control.
Alternatively, the operator performs the operation for operating
the crusher in the ground section without the directly getting on
the crusher 1.
[0024] In the crusher 1 of this embodiment, an operation operating
panel 10 (hereinafter, called an operating panel 10) for performing
an operation for operating a crusher is made capable of being disposed
in the vicinity of a cab seat of the material handling machine such
as a loader which the operator gets on to perform loading, or at
a proper place at an outside portion of the crusher 1. In the operating
panel 10 a power receiving part, a base plate, various kinds of
switch devices, a transmitter and receiver, and the like are housed
in a box in a required size, and a mounting portion capable of being
mounted to a machine body to which it is mounted is included, though
not shown. A panel surface 11 is provided with various kinds of
operating switches for performing an operation for operating the
crusher 1 and a monitor 30 for graphically displaying a load condition
at the crushing section A of the crushing apparatus 4 in real time.
This load condition is obtained by detecting a hydraulic pressure
operation condition (for example, a hydraulic pressure change) of
a driving section (for example, a hydraulic motor) 4C for driving
the crushing section 4A, and arithmetically operating a load at
the crushing section 4A when crushing the objects to be crushed
based on detection data in a controller 9.
[0025] In FIG. 3 on the panel surface 11 of the operating panel
10 an emergency stop button 12 a horn button 13 a key switch
14 and a fuel dial 15 are disposed from the left at an upper side
in FIG. 3. On the right side with a vertical line 16 shown in a
central portion in FIG. 3 as a border, on/off switch buttons 17
for the belt conveyor 7 automatic operation on/off switch buttons
18 for the crushing apparatus 4 manual operation on/off switch
buttons 19 for the crushing apparatus 4 (a crushing rotary body
4b rotates only during time in which it is pressed), which are placed
in three tires in an up-and-down direction, are placed in the order
from the top. Further, at the right side of them, on/oft switch
buttons 21 for a secondary conveyor (not shown). and on/off switch
buttons 22 for the magnetic separator are placed. A monitor 30 for
displaying setting of operation for operating the crushing apparatus
and a load, and an automatic cleaning dial 23 of the crushing section
(time selection of reverse rotation for selecting time to perform
cleaning, for example, 60 seconds at the maximum), and a crushing
speed dial 24 of the crushing section (for selecting a rotational
speed) are provided at the left side from the vertical line 16.
A light flashing change-over switch 25 during a night operation,
a working mode change-over switch 26 (for switching a crushing work
and traveling), and a radio control change-over switch 27 (for enabling
a remote control operation when it is turned on, and for enabling
a panel operation when it is turned off) are disposed, respectively.
[0026] In the monitor 30 an upper half part is made a screen 31
by, for example, a liquid crystal or the like, so that the display
for operation and a load display are displayed on this portion by
switching, and a lower half part is made a touch type display operation
switch panel 32 (hereinafter, called the panel 32). The display
of the operation procedure necessary for operation, a working mode,
a display regarding a load can be switched and shown on the screen
31 by the switch operation.
[0027] On the screen 31 text screens and graphic screens such
as display of selection of the operation conditions operated with
the panel 32 and patterns expressing the load conditions, are switched
and displayed in accordance with the operation. These are previously
set, and the fixed patterns and what shows a change by level display
are selectively displayed by the switch operation in accordance
with the data controlled in a control unit (see FIG. 5A and FIG.
5B).
[0028] In the screen 31 when switching by a key 32-4 of a mode
change-over switch shown in FIG. 4 is performed, the screen becomes
the screen in FIG. 5A, and the mode according to the objects to
be crushed becomes selectable. When a predetermined mode according
to the objects to be crushed is selected, the screen is switched
to the screen in FIG. 5B, and the selected object to be crushed
(a tire in FIG. 5B) is set to be displayed in a pattern on an enclosed
part 33 (mode display part 33) at the upper right of the screen.
Rotation setting of the crushing rotary body 4b during operation
is shown in an enclosed part 34 (operation condition display part
34) at the upper left in such an expression as "AUTO",
"HI" and "Lo". Numerals 35 expressed between
the mode display part 33 and the operation condition display part
34 indicate the accumulation value of the operating hours. The horizontally
long pattern shown at the lower side of them expresses the crusher,
and display lamps 36 and 36' are displayed at a hopper portion and
a belt conveyer portion thereof, respectively. When the display
changes from green to red, it shows the occurrence of a problem
(abnormality) with the red-colored portion. A portion which is rectangular
and appears at the lower side of the pattern showing the crusher,
with a number of vertical lines being included in it, is a load
display part 37.
[0029] Further, in the load display part 37 the condition of the
load exerted on the crushing rotary body 4b in the crushing section
4A is displayed by level within a required time by detecting a change
in oil pressure of the driving section 4C and performing arithmetic
operation in the controller 9 based on the data. Namely, the rotation
torque is measured from the drive pressure of the driving section
4C, and the magnitude of the load (rotation torque) is displayed
by level as the maximum torque value as the allowable value (allowable
load). The maximum torque value at "HI", which is the
high-speed operation setting, is, for example, 100 KN.multidot.m,
and the maximum torque value at "Lo", which is the low-speed
operation setting, is, for example, 132 KN.multidot.m. The load
condition can be displayed by enlarging the load display part 37
by switching the screen as shown in FIG. 7D. The load display part
37 is the display provided with a plurality of divisions made by
equally dividing the portion enclosed by a rectangle. In the display
part 37 a number of excessive loads display portion 37a, in which
the state in that the number of excessive loads (the number of changes
in the rotating direction of the crushing rotary body 4b at the
time of excessive load) increases sequentially from the right to
the left is displayed by level by the change in the colored portion,
is provided at the right side, with the line at the position where
the small triangular marks are shown up and down at the position
spaced by three divisions from the right. The portion with a number
of divisions, which is provided at the left side that is opposite
thereto is a display portion 37b, which displays a change in load
by level by an increase and a decrease of the colored portion, and
it can be visually recognized that the load increases when the colored
portion increases from the left to the right facing to the line
at the aforesaid boarder from the left side. As for the display
of the aforesaid number of excessive loads and the display of the
load, they may be individually displayed.
[0030] As shown in FIG. 4 keys with which the necessary conditions
for operating the operation of the crushing apparatus 4 are disposed
on the panel 32 with their shares being displayed with pictorial
symbols or marks. Nine keys among them are assigned with the functions
as numeric keys from 1 to 9. As the numeric keys, the assigned numbers
are displayed at the portions at their right shoulders.
[0031] Each key on the panel 32 will be explained for each column
from the top at the left side in the downward direction. A first
key 32-1 is a switch for automatically changing the speed of the
crushing rotary body 4b. A second key 32-2 is a switch for performing
an operation of switching the rotation of the crushing rotary body
4b to a high speed. A third key 32-3 is used at the time of operation
of switching the rotation of the crushing rotary body 4b to a low
speed. A fourth key 32-4 is a mode change-over switch, and by pressing
this switch, the screen, on which "the mode according to the
objects to be crushed selection menu" is displayed as shown
in FIG. 5A, is displayed on the screen 31.
[0032] A fifth key 32-5 is a reverse rotation time setting screen
change-over switch for the crushing rotary body 4b, and with this,
the reverse rotation time during which the crushing rotary body
4b is reversely rotated for a required time after it is normally
rotated for a required time to make it possible to perform crushing
effectively. A sixth key 32-6 is a load display change-over switch
with which the load display of the crushing rotary body 4b is switched
and displayed, and the details of it will described later.
[0033] A seventh key 32-7 is a switch for option, and an eighth
key 32-8 is a numeric key which is used for inputting "0".
A ninth key 32-9 is a screen change-over switch for setting contrast
and luminance of the liquid crystal screen 31 and when the switch
is operated, the screen is switched to the setting screen for the
luminance oft the screen and setting screen for the contrast to
make it possible to set the screen to be in a desired condition.
A tenth key 32-10 is a display switch for a maintenance screen.
An eleventh key 32-11 is a buzzer cancel switch.
[0034] As for four keys aligned in an up-and down direction at
the right side, a twelfth key 32-12 is a switch for a return operation
of the screen, a thirteenth key 32-13 and a fourteenth key 32-14
are switches to select a moving direction of a cursor in the upward
direction and the downward direction, and a fifteenth key 32-15
is a switch to confirm an operation, from the top in order.
[0035] Next, each key operation on the panel 32 and examples displayed
on the screen 31 by this will be explained. First, when the mode
change-over switch 32-4 is operated on the operation for operating
the crushing apparatus, the mode according to the objects to be
crushed selection menu is displayed as shown in FIG. 5A. Thus, by
operating the numeric key, a desired numeral of a mode, which is
displayed in such expression as "01 tire mode", "02
straw matting mode", and "03 pallet mode" at the
"selection" spot, is entered. In this case, it may be
selected by moving the cursor with the key 32-13 and the key 32-14.
If "00 return" is entered, the screen is returned to the
original state. When any mode is selected, the mode is set by pressing
the confirmation key 32-15.
[0036] Next, any one of the keys 32-1 to 32-3 is selected and pressed,
automatic operation is established with "AUTO", the high-speed
operation is established with "H1", and the low speed
operation is established with "Lo", as in the display.
When the AUTO key 32-1 is selected, the crushing rotary body 4b
is normally and reversely rotated at a high speed with a large working
amount based on the previously set data to perform a crushing operation.
Then, when the load display change-over switch 32-6 is pressed,
the screen in FIG. 5B is displayed on the display screen 31.
[0037] In this screen, the mode which is selected from the mode
according to the objects to be crushed selection mode by being switched
by the mode change-over switch 32-4 is "01 tire mode",
and a tire is displayed on the mode display part 33. Since the load
acting on the crushing rotary body 4b becomes large because the
quality of the object to be processed is a rubber product with tenacity,
it is known that the crusher is operated at a low speed with high
torque from the display "Lo" at the operation condition
display part 34. Namely, the display is constituted so that the
operator can confirm the object to be processed and the present
working state by pressing the load display change-over switch 32-6.
[0038] The load condition at a point of time is displayed by level
on the load display part 37 and in the state of FIG. 5B, a small
number of colored divisions are displayed on the display portion
37b of the load, and therefore it is instantly determined that this
is the state in which operation is performed without a large load
being acting thereon. If the display lamps 36 and 36' distributed
to the hopper portion and the conveyor portion are green, it is
determined that there is no abnormality. If the level of the display
portion 37b of the load becomes high (a large number of colored
divisions are displayed), an abnormal event is occurring. Thus,
even when the red light is not lit in the display lamps 36 and 36',
the charging amount to the hopper 5 is reduced as the situation
requiring a caution, and the drive of the crushing rotary body 4b
is adjusted by operating the crushing speed dial 24 to increase
speed as necessary, whereby an abnormal operation can be prevented.
[0039] The screen display by mode switching in the load display
part 37 will be explained further in detail. When the mode is switched
by the mode change-over switch 32-4 to be in "02 straw matting
mode", the pattern of "straw mat" is displayed on
the mode display part 33 as shown in FIG. 6A. In this situation,
the display of "Lo" indicating a low-speed operation is
made on the operation condition display part 34. In the case of
"03 pallet mode" by mode switching by the mode change-over
switch 32-4 the pattern of the "pallet" is displayed
on the mode display part 33 as shown in FIG. 6B, and the display
of "AUTO" which indicates an automatic operation is made
on the operation condition display part 34. If the selection corresponding
to the object to be processed is performed like this, the display
corresponding to this is made, and naturally in the crushing apparatus
4 the crushing rotary body 4b is automatically switched to a high
speed or a low speed correspondingly and operated in the optimal
condition. The display of the aforementioned working modes is not
limited to this. For example, the "tire mode" is applied
when a soft material, which is easily attached to the crushing rotary
body 4b and clogs the clearance of the crushing section 4A due to
high tenacity during crushing, as waste rubber products such as
a tire is processed. High torque is required in this case, and therefore
it is preferable to make low-speed rotation. This is the mode in
which it is preferable to make a comparatively large number of reverse
rotations.
[0040] The "straw matting mode" is for the objects to
be processed formed by a material with long fibers as waste straw
matting, and is the mode preferable for prevention of tangle by
enhancing the frequency of the reverse rotation operation when the
long fibers are easily tangled by rotation of the crushing rotary
body 4b though the effect of the shearing is generally high. The
"pallet mode" is a mode favorable for processing mainly
wood products and the like of materials easy to crush such as waste
pallets, waste products of wood, and the other house dismantling
wastes. It is made possible to easily determine to perform selection
of the mode corresponding to each processing condition, and therefore
the basic operations can be performed in accordance with this.
[0041] To monitor the load condition in the state in which the
crushing apparatus is operated in each mode, the load display change-over
switch 32-6 of the panel 32 is operated, and thereby the display
corresponding to the load condition is shown by level on the load
display part 37 in real time as shown in FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D. In
FIG. 7A, the working mode in the state of low load is displayed.
In the state of FIG.7B, the state in which the load becomes high
is displayed. Namely, it is determined from that the colored range
of the display level on the display portion 37b of the load reaches
the border position. Accordingly, since the operator can instantly
recognize that this load level is high, the operator immediately
takes the measures corresponding to the load level, whereby the
operation can be continued without an occurrence of the abnormal
situation.
[0042] In the state in FIG. 7C, the load level in the display portion
37b of the load (shown in FIG. 7D) of the load display part 37 becomes
the maximum, and when the load of the crushing apparatus 4 becomes
a predetermined value or higher, the rotating direction of the crushing
apparatus 4 is reversely rotated, and the load of the predetermined
value or higher is decreased. This reverse rotation drive may be
automatically or manually controlled. The number of the reverse
rotations is displayed by level on the number of excessive loads
display portion 37a (shown in FIG. 7D) of the load display part
37 and therefore it can be recognized that the number of excessive
loads (the number of reverse rotations) reaches the maximum. When
the number of excessive loads display portion 37a reaches the maximum
level (three times in FIG. 7D) in a predetermined time (for example,
13 seconds), the crushing apparatus 4 is stopped (may be automatically
stopped), and checked, and remedial measures are taken immediately
to return to normality, whereby stop of operation can be avoided.
Thus, the operator can instantly understand the working condition
on the operating panel 10 placed near the operator, and copes with
the situation quickly to make it possible to continue operation.
[0043] In order to clarify the display more on the load display
part 37 enlarged display can be made by switching the screen. FIG.
7D shows the situation of the aforesaid maximum load, and the state,
in which the display portion 37b of the load and the number of excessive
loads display portion 37a display the maximum, can be clearly recognized.
[0044] The rotation torque by the present load is displayed by
the numeral vale in real time under the load display part 37. Further,
the accumulated excessive load frequency (the number of reverse
rotations) within the past one hour is displayed. Since reduction
in the number of excessive loads enhances the working efficiency,
the display of the accumulated excessive load frequency is very
useful in detection of whether the way of the working (the charging
amount of the object to be crushed or the like) of the past one
hour is appropriate. The accumulation time may be a predetermined
time instead of one hour.
[0045] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C show modes of display of the number of
excessive loads, the state in FIG. 8A shows the situation in which
the change of the rotating direction of the crushing rotary body
in the excessive load state is once, the state in FIG. 8B shows
the situation in which the change of the rotating direction of the
crushing rotary body is twice, and further, the state in FIG. 8C
shows the situation in which the change of the rotating direction
of the crushing rotary body is three times and the load becomes
the maximum. By enlarged display of the load display part 37 the
load condition can be confirmed more clearly, and the working condition
can be easily grasped by utilizing the limited area of the screen.
[0046] If the operating panel including the load display device
of this embodiment is provided at a specific location (for example,
in the vicinity of the cab seat of the loader) by making it possible
to perform transfer of the data by wire or wireless, one operator
can properly perform a charging operation of objects to be processed
and an operation for operating the crusher at the same time. In
addition, a skilled operator can enhance the workability without
performing the processing work while keeping the state of strain
as in the prior art. Meanwhile, even an operator insufficient in
skill easily grasps the load condition, and therefore, the operator
can perform a smooth operation without strain. Further, if the operating
panel is made a portable type, the operation of the crusher can
be performed while the load state is confirmed at a location away
from the crusher in the ground section. It is naturally possible
to use the operating panel by being mounted to the proper spot of
the outer portion of the crusher.
[0047] In the above explanation, the case in which the present
invention is used for the self-propelled biaxial shearing type crusher
is described, but any crusher, which includes the apparatus for
performing control processing by a controller by receiving the change
data of the hydraulic pressure in the driving section of the crushing
apparatus, may be used as the example utilizing the present invention.
[0048] Accordingly, it goes without saying that the present invention
can be also applied to an impact crusher, a jaw crusher and the
other types of crushers. |