Abstrict A multiaxes roll type of crusher comprises four rolls. The four
rolls respectively have teeth for directly crushing materials. There
would be virtually 6 pairs of rolls in mathematically. There are
really at least three relations given for crushing. Raw materials
are crushed with a first crushing-relation to be of smaller size.
Such crushed materials are secondly crushed with a second crushing-relation
and a third crushing-relation to be of still smaller size. The first
roll and the second roll can rotate in reversely opposite directions.
The third roll and the fourth roll can rotate in reversely opposite
directions. The reverse rotations cancel the crushing-relations.
The flow of the crushed materials are controlled by a flow controlling
means, which opens and closes the path between the third roll and
the fourth roll. The opened flow controlling means does not obstruct
the flow of foreign materials between the third roll and the fourth
roll.
Claims What is claimed is:
1. A multiaxes roll type of crusher, comprising:
two pairs of rolls,
each pair of said pairs including two rolls, each of said rolls
having teeth for crushing raw materials,
wherein there are at least three crushing-relations for crushing
raw materials given among four rolls of said two pairs, and wherein
two of said at least three crushing-relations comprise overlapping
teeth among two pairs of rolls, while a remaining one of said at
least three crushing-relations comprises non-overlapping teeth between
a pair of rolls,
said four rolls including
a first roll having a multiple of first crushing teeth,
a second roll having a multiple of second crushing teeth,
a third roll having a multiple of third crushing teeth,
a fourth roll having a multiple of fourth crushing teeth,
said third roll being located under said first roll,
said fourth roll being located under said second roll,
said three crushing-relations including a first crushing-relation,
a second crushin-grelation, and a third crushing-relation,
said three crushing-relations having said second roll rotating
in the clockwise direction with said third roll rotating in the
clockwise direction, and with said fourth roll rotating in the counterclockwise
direction, when said first roll rotates in the counterclockwise
direction,
wherein said respective third and fourth rolls reversely and simultaneously
rotate; and
a controlling means for controlling the fluid of crushed materials,
said controlling means being movable so that said fluid is restricted
between said third roll and said fourth roll.
2. A multiaxes roll type of crusher, comprising:
two pairs of rolls,
each pair of said pairs including two rolls, each of said rolls
having teeth for crushing raw materials,
wherein there are at least three crushing-relations for crushing
raw materials given among four rolls of said two pairs, and wherein
two of said at least three crushing-relations comprise overlapping
teeth among two pairs of rolls, while a remaining one of said at
least three crushing-relations comprises non-overlapping teeth between
a pair of rolls,
said four rolls including
a first roll having a multiple of first crushing teeth,
a second roll having a multiple of second crushing teeth,
a third roll having a multiple of third crushing teeth,
a fourth roll having a multiple of fourth crushing teeth,
said third roll being located under said first roll,
said fourth roll being located under said second roll,
said three crushing-relations including a first crushing-relation,
a second crushingrelation, and a third crushing-relation,
said three crushing-relations having said second roll rotating
in the clockwise direction with said third roll rotating in the
clockwise direction, and with said fourth roll rotating in the counterclockwise
direction, when said first roll rotates in the counterclockwise
direction; and
a controlling means for controlling the fluid of crushed materials,
said controlling means being located between said third roll and
said fourth roll.
3. A multiaxes roll type of crusher of claim 2 wherein said controlling
means moves so that said fluid is not restricted between said third
roll and said fourth roll.
4. A multiaxes roll type of crusher comprising:
two pairs of rolls;
each pair of said pairs including two rolls, each of said rolls
having teeth for crushing raw materials,
wherein there are four crushing-relations given among four rolls
of said two pairs for crushing raw materials,
said four rolls including
a first roll having a multiple of first crushing teeth,
a second roll having a multiple of second crushing teeth,
a third roll having a multiple of third crushing teeth,
a fourth roll having a multiple of fourth crushing teeth,
said third roll being located under said first roll,
said fourth roll being located under said second roll,
said three crushing-relations including a first crushing-relation,
a second crushing-relation, a third crushing-relation, and fourth
crushing-relation,
said crushing-relation having said second roll rotating in the
clockwise direction with said third roll rotating in the clockwise
direction, and with said fourth roll rotating in the counterclockwise
direction, when said first roll rotates in the counterclockwise
direction,
wherein said first crushing teeth and said third crushing teeth
have an overlapping relationship,
wherein said second crushing teeth and said fourth crushing teeth
also have an overlapping relationship, and
wherein said first crushing teeth and said second crushing teeth
have a non-overlapping relationship;
a reverse means for rotating said pairs of rolls respectively in
the reverse directions, and
a controlling means for controlling the fluid of crushed materials,
said controlling means being movably located between said third
roll and said fourth roll so that said fluid is controlled at least
between said third roll and said fourth roll.
5. A method for crushing raw materials, wherein a four-axes roll
type of crusher is used, and said crusher comprises a first roll,
a second roll, a third roll and a fourth roll, wherein each of said
first, second, third and fourth rolls has a plurality of teeth,
said method comprising the steps of:
first crushing for crushing raw materials between said first roll
and said second roll, said teeth of said first and second rolls
being in a non-overlapping relationship;
second crushing for crushing first crushed materials crushed by
said first crushing; and
third crushing for crushing said first crushed materials crushed
by said first crushing,
wherein second crushed materials crushed by said second crushing
or said third crushing are smaller in size than said first crushed
materials,
wherein said teeth of said first and third rolls are in an overlapping
relationship, and
wherein said teeth of said second and fourth rolls are in an overlapping
relationship; and
controlling the fluid of said crushed materials by means of a controlling
means located between two rolls of said rolls, said controlling
including moving said controlling means.
6. A method for crushing raw materials of claim 5 wherein said
controlling means is located between said third roll and said fourth
roll.
7. A method for crushing raw materials of claim 6 further comprising
driving for reversely rotating said respective rolls.
Description FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multiaxes roll type of crusher,
and in particular relates to a multiaxes roll type of crusher for
efficiently crushing hard raw materials such as stone or concrete.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
2-axes roll types of crushers for crushing raw stones are known.
One 2-axes roll type of crusher has one pair of rolls. The rolls
have the respective teeth on the respective cylindrical surfaces
thereof. Stones are crushed between the teeth of the roll on the
one side and the teeth on the other side, both sets of teeth being
continually oncoming during the rotation.
Also known are 4-axes roll types of crushers, each of which has
two pairs of rolls. Stones are crushed by one pair of rolls to be
of smaller size. Such crushed stones are further crushed by the
other pair of rolls to be of still smaller size. Such a known crusher
has only two crushing relations, those being the one crushing-relation
of one pair of rolls and the other crushing-relation of the other
pair of rolls.
Nowadays, roll types of crushers are frequently utilized at construction
sites where materials such as concrete are crushed to be recycled.
Such materials often include heterogeneous materials such as iron.
It is more desirable that there are crushing-relations among four
rolls rather than two crushing-relations so that the crushing efficiency
is higher. It is further desirable that foreign materials are smoothly
removed without the machines being stopped.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a multiaxes roll
type of crusher which has a high crush efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multiaxes
roll type of crusher which can crush twice the conventional amount
of raw materials per unit time.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a multiaxes
roll type of crusher which can crush more than twice the conventional
amount of raw materials per unit time.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide a
multiaxes roll type of crusher which has a high crushing efficiency,
and facilitates discharging heterogeneous materials.
A multiaxes roll type of crusher comprises four rolls. Each of
the four rolls respectively has teeth for directly crushing materials.
Materials are introduced or inserted between a pairs of rolls. There
would be virtually 6 pairs of rolls mathematically. One pair of
rolls includes two rolls. At least 3 pairs are actually used by
the crusher. That is, there are 3 crushing-relations given. The
respective pairs correspond to the respective relations where materials
can be crushed. Such relations are called crushing-relations in
the specification. There are at least 3 crushing-relations given
for a crusher according to the present invention.
The first crushing-relation is the relation of the first roll to
the second roll. The second crushing-relation is the relation of
the first roll to the third roll. The third crushing-relation is
the relation of the second roll to the fourth roll. Raw materials
such as stones, concrete, asphalt and so on are crushed to a smaller
size in diameter with the first crushing-relation. That is, raw
materials are crushed between the first roll and the second roll.
The crushed materials crushed in the first crushing-relation, which
are named the first crushed materials, are secondly crushed in the
second crushing-relation or the third crushing-relation between
the first roll and the third roll or between the second roll and
the fourth roll.
The secondly crushed materials, which are named the second crushed
materials, are still smaller in size of diameter than the first
crushed materials. The first crushing-relation has the first roll
rotating in the counterclockwise direction, while the second roll
rotates in the clockwise direction. The second crushing-relation
has the first roll rotating in the counterclockwise direction, while
the third roll rotates in the clockwise direction. The third crushing-relation
is in that the second roll rotates in the clockwise direction, while
the fourth roll rotates in the counterclockwise direction. The first
roll and the second roll rotate in opposite directions and in reversely
opposite directions. The third roll and the fourth roll rotate in
opposite directions and in reversely opposite directions.
The second roll is located relative to the first roll so that raw
materials are crushed between the first roll and the second roll.
The third roll is located relative to the first roll so that the
first crushed materials are crushed between the first roll and the
third roll. The fourth roll is located relative to the second roll
so that the first crushed materials are crushed between the second
roll and the fourth roll.
Such locations are defined as follows. The cylindrical surface
which includes the locus of rotation of the outer end of the first
crushing teeth does not overlap with the cylindrical surface including
the locus of rotation of the outer end of the second crushing teeth,
while the cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation of
the outer end of the first crushing teeth overlaps with the cylindrical
surface including the locus of rotation of the outer end of the
third crushing teeth, and the cylindrical surface including the
locus of rotation of the outer end of the second crushing teeth
overlaps with the cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation
of the outer end of the fourth crushing teeth.
One pair of rolls, those of the first roll and the second roll,
may simultaneously rotate in the respective reverse directions.
Another pair of rolls, those of the first roll and the third roll,
may simultaneously rotate in the respective reverse directions.
The further pair of rolls, those of the second roll and the fourth
roll, may simultaneously rotate in the respective reverse directions.
It is desirable that one roll may rotate in the clockwise direction
and in the counterclockwise direction independently of the other
rolls.
A multiaxes roll type of crusher further comprises a controlling
means. The controlling means may be located among the four rolls
or may be located between the third roll and the fourth roll. It
is desirable that the controlling means is located under the plane
including the center line of the rotating axis of the third roll
and the center line of the rotating axis of the fourth roll. The
controlling means is movable in the upward direction and in the
downward direction. The fluid of the second crushed materials are
restricted by the controlling means, which moves in the upward direction
and is at rest in the bottom position. Under the condition of restriction,
the first crushed materials are secondly and effectively crushed.
The controlling means at the top position facilitates the flow of
the first crushed materials so that they are led between the first
roll and the third roll, and led between the second roll and the
fourth roll. With heterogeneous or alloyed materials such as iron,
the controlling means retracts in the downward direction. Under
the condition of retraction, the first crushing-relation, the second
crushing-relation and the third crushing-relation are simultaneously
cancelled.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a multiaxes
roll type of crusher according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing another position of rotation of
the rolls of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a further different position of
rotation of the rolls of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing another state of operation of the
embodiment.
FIG. 5 if a front view showing an improved fluid controlling body.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a further improved fluid controlling
body.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a further improved fluid controlling
body.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a further improved fluid controlling
body.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a driving system for driving the
rolls of FIG. 1.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a further improved fluid controlling
body.
FIG. 11 is a front sectional view showing one condition of crushing
according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 12 is a front sectional view showing another condition of
crushing according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 13 is a front sectional view showing a further condition of
crushing according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a multiaxes roll type of crusher
according to the present invention. The crusher comprises four rolls.
The first crushing teeth 7 are provided with a first roll 2. The
first rotating center line J1 of the rotating axis of first roll
2 is abstractly denoted by a point. The second crushing teeth 9
are provided with a second roll 3. The second rotating center line
J2 of the rotating axis of second roll 3 is abstractly denoted by
a point. The third crushing teeth 12 are provided with a third roll
4. The third rotating center line J3 of the rotating axis of third
roll 4 is abstractly denoted by a point. The fourth crushing teeth
14 are provided with a fourth roll 5. The fourth rotating center
line J4 of the rotating axis of fourth roll 5 is abstractly denoted
by a point.
The first, second, third and fourth rotating center lines J1J2J3
and J4 are substantially or generally parallel with one another.
The first and second rotating center lines J1J2 are desirably contained
on one horizontal plane. The third and fourth rotating center lines
are desirably included in another horizontal plane.
First roll 2 comprises a first rotating drum 6. First crushing
teeth 7 are fixed with first rotating drum 6. First crushing teeth
7 respectively protrude from the cylindrical surface of first rotating
drum 6 in the radial direction. A first quartet of teeth are positioned
at the equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Second
roll 3 comprises a second rotating drum 8. Second crushing teeth
9 are fixed with second rotating drum 8. Second crushing teeth 9
respectively protrude from the cylindrical surface of second rotating
drum 8 in the radial direction. A second quartet of second crushing
teeth 9 are positioned at equal intervals in the circumferential
direction. Third roll 4 comprises a third rotating drum 11. Third
crushing teeth 12 are fixed with third rotating drum 11. Third crushing
teeth 12 respectively protrude from the cylindrical surface of third
rotating drum 11 in the radial direction. A third quartet of teeth
are positioned at the equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
Fourth roll 5 comprises a fourth rotating drum 13. Fourth crushing
teeth 14 are fixed with fourth rotating drum 13. Fourth crushing
teeth 14 respectively protrude from the cylindrical surface of fourth
rotating drum 13 in the radial direction. A fourth quartet of teeth
are positioned at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
The respective sets of teeth are positioned on the respective surfaces
of the respective drums, and line up in the respective axial directions.
The second set of second crushing teeth 9 lining in the axial direction
have the respective differences of 180 degrees in phases with respect
to the first set of first crushing teeth 7 lining in the axial direction.
The third set of third crushing teeth 12 lining in the axial direction
have respective differences of 180 degrees in phases with respect
to the first set of first crushing teeth 7 lining in the axial direction.
The fourth set of fourth crushing teeth 14 lining in the axial direction
have respective differences of 180 degrees in phases with respect
to the third set of second crushing teeth 9 lining in the axial
direction.
The four rolls may not be equal in size. The position of first
rotating center line J1 is equal in height to the position of second
rotating center line J2. The position of third rotating center line
J3 is equal in height to the position of fourth rotating center
line J4. The position of first rotating center line J1 is higher
than the position of fourth rotating center line J4. The distance
between first rotating center line J1 and second rotating center
line J2 is longer than the distance between third rotating center
line J3 and fourth rotating center line J4.
There is a first crushing-relation between first roll 2 and second
roll 3 in that first roll 2 rotates in the counterclockwise direction
while second roll 3 rotates in the clockwise direction. There is
a second crushing-relation between first roll 2 and third roll 4
in that first roll 2 rotates in the counterclockwise direction while
third roll 4 rotates in the clockwise direction. There is a third
crushing-relation between second roll 3 and fourth roll 5 in that
second roll 3 rotates in the clockwise direction, while fourth roll
5 rotates in the counterclockwise direction. There may be or may
not be a fourth crushing-relation between third roll 4 and fourth
roll 5 in that third roll 2 rotates in the clockwise direction,
while fourth roll 5 rotates in the counterclockwise direction.
The first cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation of
the outer end of first crushing teeth 7 does not overlap with the
second cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation of the
outer end of second crushing teeth 9. The first cylindrical surface
including the locus of rotation of the outer end of first crushing
teeth 7 overlaps with the third cylindrical surface including the
locus of rotation of the outer end of third crushing teeth 12. The
cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation of the outer
end of second crushing teeth 9 overlaps with the fourth cylindrical
surface including the locus of rotation of the outer end of fourth
crushing teeth 14. Raw materials are crushed in the first crushing-relation
to be made of smaller size. The first crushed materials crushed
between first roll 2 and second roll 3 are secondly crushed in the
second crushing-relation between first roll 2 and third roll 4 to
be made yet smaller in size than the first crushed materials. Also,
the first crushed materials are secondly crushed in the third crushing-relation
between second roll 3 and fourth roll 5 to be made still smaller
in size than the first crushed materials. It is possible that one
more crushing-relation is given between third roll 4 and fourth
roll 5.
FIG. 2 illustrates one state in that the respective rolls 2345
advance in the respective phases of 30 degrees with respect to the
rolls shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 illustrates another state in that
the respective rolls 2345 further advance in the respective phases
of 30 degrees with respect to the rolls shown in FIG. 2. As illustrated
in FIGS. 123 the four rolls synchronously rotate.
FIG. 1 illustrates a fluid controlling means 21 for controlling
the fluid produced between the four rolls. The fluid controlling
means 21 includes a supporting axis 22 and a pair of wings 23. Wings
23 are supported by supporting axis 22. Pair of wings 23 opens or
closes the fluid passage formed between third roll 4 and fourth
roll 5. The first fluid of the first crushed materials is not restricted
by opened fluid controlling means 21. The first fluid from the space
between first roll 2 and second roll 3 towards the space between
third roll 4 and fourth roll 5 is restricted by closed fluid controlling
means 21. Being closed, fluid controlling means 21 facilitates the
second fluid from the space between first roll 2 and second roll
3 towards the space between first roll 2 and third roll 4 and fluid
controlling means 21 facilitates the third fluid from the space
seen first roll 2 and second roll 3 towards the space between second
roll 3 and fourth roll 5.
FIG. 4 illustrates a method for controlling fluids. First roll
2 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, while second roll 3
rotates in the clockwise direction. There is a crushing-relation
between first roll 2 and second roll 3. Third roll 4 rotates in
the counterclockwise direction, while fourth roll 5 rotates in the
clockwise direction. There is no crushing-relation between first
roll 2 and third roll 4 and there is no crushing-relation between
second roll 3 and fourth roll 5. That is, the second and third crushing-relations
are cancelled by the reverse of the respective rotations of the
third roll and the fourth roll. Being opened, fluid controlling
means 21 facilitates the first fluid from the space between first
roll 2 and second roll 3 towards the space between third roll 4
and fourth roll 5.
The above mentioned overlappings of two pairs of rolls facilitate
making the second crushed materials smaller in size than the first
crushed materials. In general, the shorter the distance between
a pair of rolls, the smaller the materials are crushed in size.
In other words, the shorter the distance between a pair of drums
of a pair of rolls, the smaller the materials are crushed in size.
The quantity of materials to be crushed by a 4-axes crusher according
to the present invention is defined by twice the quantity of materials
to be crushed between first roll 2 and third roll 4. This means
that a crusher according to the present invention corresponds in
crushing capacity to the three 2-axes crushers of the conventional
type.
FIG. 5 illustrates a second embodiment of a 4-axes roll type of
crusher according to the present invention. This embodiment is not
different from the first embodiment in respect to the fact that
a second crusher according to the second embodiment comprises 4
rolls, and there are three crushing-relations given thereto. The
first, second, third and fourth rotating center lines J1J2J3J4
pass four apexes of a rectangle. The distance between first rotating
center line J1 and second rotating center line J2 is equal to the
distance between third rotating center line J3 and fourth rotating
center line J4. The distance between first rotating center line
J1 and third rotating center line J3 is equal to the distance between
second rotating center line J2 and fourth rotating center line J4.
The distance between first rotating center line J1 and second rotating
center line J2 is longer than the distance between first rotating
center line J1 and third rotating center line J3. The diameter of
the first cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation of
the outer end of first crushing teeth 7 is equal to the diameter
of the second cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation
of the outer end of second crushing teeth 9 but the diameter of
the first cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation of
the outer end of first crushing teeth 7 is longer than the diameter
of the third cylindrical surface including the locus of rotation
of the outer end of third crushing teeth 12. Second roll 3 is not
different in size from first roll 2. Fourth roll 5 is not different
in size from third roll 4. Fourth roll 5 is smaller in size than
first roll 2.
The first crushed materials crushed between first roll 2 and second
roll 3 are secondly crushed smaller in size in the second embodiment
than in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 illustrates a revision of fluid
controlling means 21. The revision comprises a pair of fluid controlling
protrusions 21a and 21b positioned on one diameter line. Pair of
fluid controlling protrusions 21a, 21b rotates by 90 degrees to
open the path between third roll 4 and fourth roll 5 so that heterogeneous
materials such as iron can pass through the path.
The four rolls are located on the inside of a casing 31. A products
container 33 and a foreign materials container 32 are formed by
casing 31. The second crushed materials between first roll 2 and
third roll 4 or between second roll 3 and fourth roll 5 are led
into products container 33 when fluid controlling means 21 is closed,
and the foreign materials pass without obstruction by the pair of
fluid controlling protrusions 21a, being led into foreign materials
container 32 when fluid controlling means 21 is opened.
FIG. 6 illustrates another revision of fluid controlling means
21. The fluid controlling means 21 comprises a pair of two rotatable
plates 35a, 35b. Two rotatable plates respectively rotate by 45
degrees in opposite directions respectively.
FIG. 7 illustrates a further revision of fluid controlling means
21. The fluid controlling means 21 comprises single rod 36 which
is formed pentagonally in sectional form. Single rod 36 advances
and retracts in the axial direction. Advancing single rod 36 appears
into the space among the rolls, while retracting rod 36 disappears
from the space.
FIG. 8 illustrates a further revision of fluid controlling means
21. The fluid controlling means 21 comprises single column 37. Single
column 37 advances and retracts in the axial direction. Advancing
single column 37 appears into the space among the rolls, while retracting
column 37 disappears from the space. Column 37 may be made of a
pipe.
FIG. 9 illustrates a further revision of fluid controlling means
21. The fluid controlling means 21 comprises single elevating pipe
51. Single elevating pipe 51 is located among the four rolls. Single
elevating pipe 51 is supported and driven by a driving cylinder
52. Single elevating pipe 51 moves in the upward direction and in
the downward direction. Single elevating pipe 5 la at the upper
portion opens the path formed between third roll 4 and fourth roll
5 while single elevating pipe 51 at the lower portion closes the
path formed between third roll 4 and fourth roll 5. Single elevating
pipe 51a at the upper portion does not prevent the flow of foreign
materials passing between third roll 4 and fourth roll 5.
Both first roll 2 and second roll 3 are respectively (simultaneously)
and reversely driven when the load of first roll 2 and second roll
3 is excessive. It is desirable that both third roll 4 and fourth
roll 5 are respectively (simultaneously) and reversely driven when
the load is excessive. Both first roll 2 and third roll 4 are respectively
(simultaneously) and reversely driven when the load of first roll
2 and third roll 4 is excessive. It is desirable that both second
roll 3 and fourth roll 5 are respectively (simultaneously) and reversely
driven when the load is excessive. Such reverse rotation together
with the driving of fluid controlling means 21 soon facilitates
the cancellation of the obstruction of the flow(s).
FIG. 10 illustrates an effective revision of fluid controlling
means 21. This revision is not different from the above mentioned
embodiments or revisions illustrated in FIGS. 15678 and 9.
The three crushing-relations are not different from the above mentioned
crushing-relations. Further this revision is not different from
the above revisions in respect to the fact that the first flow is
divided by fluid controlling means 21 into the second flow and the
third flow. That is, fluid controlling means 21 of the above mentioned
revisions is located on the inside of the space among the four rolls.
However, the first flow is not divided directly by fluid trolling
means 21 in the revision shown in FIG. 10. As shown in FIG. 10
fluid controlling means 21 is located on the outside of the space
among the four rolls. Fluid controlling means 21 is located under
the plane that includes third rotating center line J3 and fourth
rotating center line J4. Fluid controlling means 21 moves in the
upward direction and in the downward direction. Fluid controlling
means 21 at the lower position perfectly opens the space between
third roll 4 and fourth roll 5.
FIG. 11 FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 abstractly illustrate the flows obtained
by an experiment according to the embodiment as illustrated in FIG.
10. FIG. 11 shows one condition of crushing where the crusher has
the three crushing-relations, and the fluid between third roll 4
and fourth roll 5 is obstructed by fluid controlling means 21 at
the upper position. The greater part of the second crushed materials
pass through the path formed between second roll 3 and fourth roll
5 or the path formed between first roll 2 and third roll 4 to be
discharged outside the respective spaces therebetween. The remaining
part of the second crushed materials, which are smaller in size
than the greater part pass through the narrower path formed between
fluid controlling means 21 and third roll 4 or between fluid controlling
means 21 and fourth roll 5.
FIG. 12 shows another condition of crushing where the crusher substantially
has no crushing-relation, and the fluid between third roll 4 and
fourth roll 5 is not obstructed by fluid controlling means 21 at
the lower position. Under this condition, the small quantity of
the first crushed materials and the foreign materials are discharged
through the path formed between third roll 4 and fourth roll 5.
Materials such as iron are magnetically detected by a detector (not
shown). Upon detecting fluid controlling means 21 moves in the downward
direction.
FIG. 13 shows the further condition of crushing where the first
crushing-relation is not cancelled, but both second crushing-relation
and third crushing-relation are cancelled. The first crushed materials
are maintained in the size which they have when crushed between
first roll 2 and second roll 3. Such crushed materials are discharged
between third roll 4 and fourth roll 5 without obstruction of fluid
controlling means 21.
|