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A method for controlling the axes of motors, for machine tools
and the like, including the steps of: calculating, from a sequence
of relative position data of each axis and of actuation states at
each definite instant, a path for each individual axis, starting
from parameters of initial speed, number of steps and final speed;
defining a three-dimensional matrix that contains, for each axis,
initial speed, number of steps and final speed, each element of
the three-dimensional table, constituted by the intersection in
space of the three parameters, containing an address that is suitable
to point to the vector which describes a corresponding waveform;
driving the axis according to the waveform.
In a spindle assembly for machine tools, the axial length .lamda.
of the collar of a spring collet is determined as a function of
the axial course length c of a clamping sleeve operating spring
collet. This axial length .lamda. is preferably retained within
an interval ranging between 3 mm and 9 mm. A tapering surface of
the collar presents an inclined profile, which is straight, curved,
or at least partially curved. The angle of inclination formed by
the tapering surface with the axis of the spring collet is advantageously
of the order of 45.degree.. The spring collet has at least two grooves.
The gap between these grooves may be determined in such a way that,
when the spring collet is in the closed position, then the workpiece
is gripped with a predetermined clamping force, and the two mutually
opposing faces of each groove portion abut against each other.
A device for automating and/or controlling machine tools or production
machines is described. The device includes at least one computer
which is located remote from a machine. The computer operates like
a handheld controller and is connected via at least one bus system,
which can be wired or wireless, with each machine for unidirectionally
or bidirectionally transmitting data and control signals. All control
functions of the machine are integrated in the remote controller.
This device can automate and/or control machine tools and production
machines in a simple and cost-effective manner.
A control structure for the active damping of low-frequency oscillations
in numerically-controlled machine tools. The control structure includes
an rpm regulator having a proportional component and an integral
component. The control structure further includes an active damping
element that forms a low-frequency correction signal, which is phase-shifted
with respect to an interfering low-frequency oscillation and free
of d.c. components, and a summing point that is upstream or downstream
of the integral component and receives the low-frequency correction
signal.
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