Molecular sieve abstract
A mesopore molecular sieve having a hydrocarbon group bonded directly
to a silicon atom in the metal oxide skeleton constituting the molecular
sieve, wherein the content of said hydrocarbon group is from 0.01
to 0.6 mol per mol of the metal oxide. Also disclosed is a process
for producing a mesopore molecular sieve having a hydrocarbon atom
bonded to a silicon atom in the molecular sieve skeleton, which
comprises synthesizing the mesopore molecular sieve, in the presence
of a template, from: a silane compound represented by the following
formula (1): wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group selected from
C.sub.1-16 hydrocarbon groups and hydrocarbon groups substituted
with an N--, O-, S-, P- or halogen-containing group; n represents
1 2 or 3; and X is selected from C.sub.1-6 alkoxy groups, aryloxy
groups, a hydroxyl group and halogen atoms and a plurality of X
may be the same or different; and a metal oxide and/or a precursor
thereof. According to this process for producing a mesopore molecular
sieve, a mesopore molecular sieve can be readily synthesized in
one stage and, in addition, a mesopore molecular sieve having an
excellent performance as an acid catalyst or oxidation catalyst
can be obtained because the kind and amount of the hydrocarbon group
can be easily adjusted.
Molecular sieve claims
What is claimed is:
1. A mesopore molecular sieve having an oxide skeleton and a hydrocarbon
group bonded directly to a silicon atom on the oxide skeleton constituting
the molecular sieve, wherein the content of said hydrocarbon group
is from 0.01 to 0.6 mol per mol of the metal oxide.
2. The mesopore molecular sieve according to claim 1 wherein the
hydrogen group is a C.sub.1-16 hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon
group substituted with an N-, O-, S-, P- or halogen-containing group.
3. The mesopore molecular sieve according to claim 1 or 2 wherein
the oxide is a silicon oxide.
4. The mesopore molecular sieve according to claim 1 or 2 wherein
the oxide is a composite of silicon oxide and at least one oxide
selected from aluminum oxide, boron oxide or titanium oxide.
5. A process for producing a mesopore molecular sieve having and
a hydrocarbon group bonded to a silicon atom in the molecular sieve
skeleton, which comprises synthesizing the mesopore molecular sieve,
in the presence of a template, from:
silane compound represented by the following formula (1):
wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group selected from C.sub.1-16
hydrocarbon groups and hydrocarbon groups substituted with an N-,
O-, S-, P- halogen-containing group; n represents 1 2 or 3; and
X is selected from C.sub.1-16 alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, a hydroxyl
group and halogen atoms and a plurality of X may be the same or
different; and
a metal oxide and/or a precursor thereof.
6. The process according to claim 5 wherein the silane compound
is represented by the following formula (2): ##STR2##
wherein R represent a hydrocarbon group selected from C.sub.1-16
hydrocarbon groups substituted with an N-, S-, O-, P- or halogen-containing
group; X.sup.1 X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 each is selected from C.sub.1-16
alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, a hydroxyl group and halogen atoms.
7. The process according to claim 5 wherein the oxide is a silicon
oxide.
8. The process according to claim 5 wherein the oxide is a composite
of silicon and at least one oxide selected from aluminum oxide,
boron oxide or titanium oxide.
9. The process according to claim 5 wherein the silane compound
is a monoalkyltrialkoxysilane or monoaryltrialkoxysilane.
Molecular sieve description
TECHNICAL FEILD
The present invention relates to a mesopore molecular sieve and
a production process thereof.
BACKGROUND ART
A mesopore molecular sieve is a new material which is expected,
as an inorganic porous substance having a uniform pore size in a
mesopore region, to be used in wide applications such as catalysts
and adsorbents. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5098684 5102643 and 5108725
and JP-W-A-5-503499 (the term "JP-W-A" as used herein
means a "published Japanese national stage of international
application") disclose a process for synthesizing a mesopore
molecular sieve by using, as a template, a quaternary ammonium salt
or phosphonium salt having a long-chain alkyl group and conducting
hydrothermal synthesis.
JP-A-4-238810 (the term "JP-A" as used herein means an
"unexamined published Japanese patent application") discloses
a process for synthesizing a mesopore molecular sieve by treating
a layered silica with a long-chain alkyl ammonium cation in accordance
with an ion exchange method.
JP-A 5-254827 discloses a process for modifying a synthesized mesopore
molecular sieve, which comprises treating the sieve with an alkylsilane
coupling agent having a methyl group, etc. reactions with a silanol
group etc. which exists on the surface of the mesopore skeleton,
thereby adding an alkylailyl group to control the pore size or adding
a trimethylailyl group to modify the surface.
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel mesopore
molecular sieve which has a hydrocarbon group bonded directly to
a silicon atom constituting the skeleton of the molecular sieve
and a production process thereof.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates
to a mesopore molecular sieve having a hydrocarbon group bonded
directly to a silicon atom in the metal oxide skeleton constituting
the molecular sieve, wherein the content of said hydrocarbon group
is from 0.01 to 0.6 mol per mol of the metal oxide. In another aspect,
the present invention relates to a process for producing a mesopore
molecular sieve having a hydrocarbon atom bonded to a silicon atom
in the molecular sieve skeleton, which comprises synthesizing the
mesopore molecular sieve, in the presence of a template, from:
a silane compound represented by the following formula (1):
wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group selected from C.sub.1-6
hydrocarbon groups and hydrocarbon groups substituted with an N-,
O-, S-, P- or halogen-containing group; n represents 1 2 or 3;
and X is selected from C.sub.1-6 alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups,
a hydroxyl group and halogen atoms and a plurality of X may be the
same or different; and
a metal oxide and/or a precursor thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates an X-ray diffraction pattern of the methyl-containing
mesopore molecular sieve synthesized in Example 1.
FIG. 2 illustrates a pore distribution of the methyl-containing
mesopore molecular sieve synthesized in Example 1.
FIG. 3 illustrates an infrared absorption spectrum of the methyl-containing
mesopore molecular sieve synthesized in Example 1.
FIG. 4 illustrates a differential thermal analysis chart of the
methyl-containing mesopore molecular sieve synthesized in Example
1.
BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
The term "mesopore molecular sieve" as used herein means
a mesopore molecular sieve which is a porous substance having a
uniform pore size of 1.5 to 10 nm in the mesopore region and has
a hydrocarbon group bonded directly to a silicon atom in the metal
oxide constituting the skeleton.
The silane compound for use in the present invention is one represented
by the above-described formula (1), wherein examples of the hydrocarbon
group represented by R include C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbon groups or hydrocarbon
groups substituted with an N-, O-, S-, P- or halogen-containing
group.
Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group include saturated or
unsaturated C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbon groups and C.sub.1-16 hydrocarbon
groups substituted with an N-, O-, S-, P- or halogen-containing
group. Examples of the substituted hydrocarbon group include heterocyclic
hydrocarbon groups each of which contains any one hetero atom of
N, O, S and P, and saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups each
substituted with a group such as --OH, --SH, --OR', --SR', --COOR',
--OCOR', --NO.sub.2 --SO2 --SO.sub.3 H and --PO(OH).sub.2 a halogen
atom or the like. In the above formula, R' represents a saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
Specific examples include linear alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl,
propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl,
dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl and hexadecyl; cyclic
hydrocarbon groups such as cyclohexyl and cyclooctyl; unsaturated
aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl,
hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl,
tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl and hexadecenyl; cycloolefin
such as cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl
and cyclooctadienyl; cyclic ring-subsbtituted alkyl groups; alkyl
groups substituted with an aryl or aromatic group such as phenyl,
tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl and methylnaphthyl; and the above-exemplified
groups substituted with a halogen atom such as perfluoroalkyl group,
hydrofluoroalkyl group and chloro-sustituted alkyl group, more specifically,
3-chloropropyl group, trifluoropropyl group, pentafluorobutyl group,
heptafluoropentyl group and heptadecafluorotetrahydrodecyl group.
The substituent represented by X is selected from C.sub.1-6 alkoxy
groups, aryloxy groups, a hydroxyl group and halogen atoms, and
if there exist a plurality of X, they may be the same or different.
Examples of the alkoxy group include alkoxy and phenbxy groups such
as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy and hexyloxy, of
which the methoxy and ethoxy are preferred.
n stands for an integer of 1 to 3. For example, when n stands for
1 the silane compound is a trialkoxyalkylsilane, when n stands
for 2 the silane compound is a dialkoxydialkylsilane, and when
n stands for 3 the silane compound is a monoalkoxytrialkylsilane.
Among them, n preferably stands for 1 because in this case, the
silane compound is more firmly incorporated in the skeleton.
Preferred examples of the silane compound include those represented
by the following formula (2): ##STR1##
wherein:
R: a hydrocarbon group selected from C.sub.1-16 hydrocarbon groups
and hydrocarbon groups substituted with an N-, O-, S-, P- or halogen-containing
group,
X.sup.1 X.sup.2 X.sup.3 each selected from C.sub.1-6 alkoxy groups,
aryloxy groups, a hydroxyl group and halogen atoms. Specific examples
of the compound represented by formula (2) include monoalkyltrialkoxysilane
and monoaryltrialkoxysilane.
As the template for synthesizing a mesopore substance, any known
surfactants employed for the synthesis of a mesopore substance,
such as long-chain quaternary ammonium salts, long-chain alkylamine
N-oxides, long-chain sulfonates, polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers
and polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters can be employed.
The term "metal oxide and/or precursor thereof" as used
herein means a simple substance of silicon oxide or a complex between
silicon oxide and an oxide of the metals exemplified below and/or
a precursor thereof.
Examples of the metal species other than silicon include alkaline
earth metal elements such as magnesium and calcium and zinc, belonging
to Group II; boron, aluminum, gallium, yttrium and rare earth elements,
belonging to Group III; titanium, zirconium, germanium and tin,
belonging to Group IV; phosphorus and vanadium, belonging to Group
V; chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, belonging to Group VI; manganese
and rhenium, belonging to Group VII; iron, cobalt, nickel and noble
metal elements e.g. ruthenium, rhodium, palladium and platinum,
belonging to Group VIII. Among them, boron, aluminum, rare earth
elements, titanium and vanadium are preferred.
The atomic ratio (Si/M) of a silicon atom to such a metal element
(M) is 5 or higher, preferably 10 or higher.
Examples of the precursor of the above-described metal oxide include
inorganic salts such as nitrate, sulfate and hydrochloride; carboxylates
such as acetate, propionate and naphthenate; organic ammonium metal
salts such as quaternary alkyl ammonium; and metal compounds such
as alkoxides and hydroxides, each with the above-described metal.
Among them, the metal alkoxides are used desirably.
Examples of the silicon oxide or precursor thereof include tetraalkoxysilane
comprising methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or the like, silica powder,
aqueous glass and colloidal silica.
In the synthesis process of the present invention, at least one
of water, alcohol and diol is usually employed as a solvent, of
which an aqueous solvent containing water Is preferred.
In addition, as in the known process, it is possible to add auxiliary
organics to change the pore size. Examplep thereof include C.sub.6-20
aromatic hydrocarbons, C.sub.5-20 alicyclic hydrocarbons, and C.sub.3-16
aliphatic hydrocarbons, and the above-described hydrocarbons substituted
with amine or halogen, such as dodecane, hexadecane, cyclododecane,
trimethylbenzene and triethylbenzene.
In the reaction mixture comprising the source of silica (including
the above-described silane compound), source of the other metal
oxide, template and solvent, the molar ratio of the above-described
silane compound/(metal oxide and/or precursor thereof) is 0.01 to
0.6 preferably 0.02 to 0.50 more preferably 0.05 to 0.40 the
atomic ratio of silicon/metal element is at least 5 preferably
at least 10 the molar ratio of silica/template is 1 to 30 preferably
1 to 10 and the molar ratio of the solvent/template is 1 to 1000
preferably 5 to 500.
When the metal oxide or precursor thereof, template or the like
is a combination of two or more substances, the above molar ratio
is calculated with an average molar molecular weight thereof.
The synthesis according to the process of the present invention
is carried out under the conditions of a reaction temperature of
from room temperature (20.degree. C.) to 180.degree. C., preferably
from room temperature to 100.degree. C., and reaction time of from
5 to 100 hours, preferably from 10 to 50 hours.
The reaction product is usually separated by filtration, washed
sufficiently with water, dried and then subjected to a removing
step to remove the template contained therein, for example, by extraction
with an organic solvent such as alcohol, whereby a mesopore molecular
sieve having a carbon-silicon bond can be obtained.
The mesopore substance containing a carbon-silicon bond, which
substance has been synthesized according to the process of the present
invention, can be treated with an ordinarily employed surface treating
agent, for example, a silane coupling agent such as tetraalkoxysilane,
monoalkyltolylalkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane or trialkylalkoxysilane,
or an alkoxide of aluminum or boron, to modify the surface or regulate
the pore size.
The mesopore molecular sieve according to the present invention
has a substituent-containing hydrocarbon group bonded directly to
a silicon atom in the metal oxide skeleton constituting the molecular
sieve and the hydrocarbon group exists in an amount of 0.01 to 0.6
mol per mol of said metal oxide. The meeopore molecular sieve has
following features.
Specifically, the mesopore molecular sieve according to the present
invention has features that the hydrophobic property thereof can
be easily controlled by adjusting the kind or amount of the hydrocarbon
group and a hydrocarbon-containing catalytically active component
can be incorporated.
The mesopore molecular sieve of the present invention can be used
in a wide range of applications such as catalysts and adsorbents.
For example, those having, in the mesopore skeleton, a catalytically
active component having an acid function or an oxidation or reduction
function, or those having a catalytically active component such
as transition metal component carried thereon by an ion exchange
or impregnation method, are useful as a catalyst having a hydrophobic
reaction site. In addition, the mesopore molecular sieve can be
used as a catalytic carrier which makes use of the hydrocarbon group
bonded to a silicon atom in order to stabilize a homogeneous catalyst
such as an organic metal complex, as a controlled hydrophobic adsorbent
for the adsorption of various organic compounds, or for the controlled
adsorption of water content such as a moisture conditioning material.
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference
to the following Examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In examples, the X-ray diffraction pattern was measured using "Type
RAD3" manufactured by Rigaku Denki, while the specific surface
area and pore size distribution were measured by "Sorptomatic
1800" manufactured by Carlo Erba and a peak size of differential
distribution determined by the BET and BJH methods using nitrogen
was indicated as a pore size. The infrared absorption spectrum was
measured by "Spectrometer Type 1600" manufactured by Perkin
Elmer. The thermal analysis was carried out at a heating rate of
15.degree. C./min using thermal analyzers "TGA-50" and
"DTA-50" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
EXAMPLE 1
In a 500-ml beaker, 80 g of ethanol and 10 g of dodecylamine were
added to 100 g of distilled water to dissolve the former in the
latter. Under stirring, 27.4 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 11.8
g of methyltriethoxysilane were added and after stirring for 30
minutes, the mixture in the form of a slurry was obtained. The mixture
was allowed to stand at 30.degree. C. for 20 hours and reacted.
The reaction mixture was filtered, washed with water and then dried
at 110.degree. C. for 5 hours, whereby 15.5 g of the product was
obtained as white powder. In order to remove the template (amine)
from the dried product to obtain a mesopore substance, a 5 g portion
of the dried product was dispersed in 750 ml of ethanol, followed
by extraction at 60.degree. C. for one hour and then filtration.
This extraction and filtration procedure was repeated and carried
out three times in total. The filtrate was washed with alcohol and
then dried at 100.degree. C. for 3 hours, whereby 3.4 g of a methyl-containing
silica mesopore molecular sieve was obtained. The resulting powder
exhibited water repellency and when added to water, it floated on
the surface of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 32.5 .ANG. (angstrom) (see FIG. 1).
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 1000 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.1 nm (see FIG. 2).
As a result of measuring infrared absorption spectrum, an absorption
peak attributable to deformation vibration of a CH.sub.3 --Si group
was found at around 1270 cm.sup.-1 (see FIG. 3).
As a result of differential thermal analysis (measured at a heating
rate of 15.degree. C./min in the air), weight reduction and exotherm
peak were found at around 620.degree. C. (see FIG. 4).
EXAMPLE 2
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amounts of
tetraethyl orthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane were changed
to 33.2 g and 7.2 g, respectively, 17.1 g of a dried product was
obtained. A 5 g portion of this dried sample was subjected to extraction
treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby 3.5 g of a
methyl-containing silica mesopore substance was obtained.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the extracted sample showed
a strong peak at a d value of 3.28 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution of the sample by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption
method, it was found that the specific surface area was 1100 m.sup.2
/g and pore size was 2.4 nm. When calcined at 550.degree. C., the
sample did not exhibit water repellency, its powder X-ray diffraction
peak showed a decreasing tendency with a d value of 31.4 .ANG.,
and its pore size showed a decreasing tendency to 2.1 nm.
EXAMPLE 3
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amounts of
tetraethyl orthosilicate and methyltriethoxysilane were changed
to 37.3 g and 3.6 g, respectively, 17.8 g of a dried product was
obtained. A 5 g portion of the dried sample was subjected to extraction
treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby 3.4 g of a
methyl-containing silica mesopore molecular sieve was obtained.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the extracted sample exhibited
a strong peak at a d value of 33.5 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface are and pore size
distribution of the sample by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption
method, it was found that the specific surface area was 1040 m.sup.2
/g and the pore size was 2.5 nm.
EXAMPLE 4
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 g of decylamine
was used as a template instead of dodecylamine, 16.4 g of white
powder was obtained. From a 5 g portion of the white powder, the
template was removed in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby
3.5 g of a methyl-containing silica mesopore molecular sieve was
obtained.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product exhibited a
strong peak at a d value of 29.6 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface are and pore size
distribution of the product by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption
method, it was found that the specific surface area was 1020 m.sup.2
/g and the pore size was 1.9 nm.
EXAMPLE 5
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 11.6 g of tetradecylamine
was used as a template instead of dodecylamine, 15.0 g of white
powder was obtained. From a 5 g portion of the white powder, the
template was removed in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby
3.8 g of a methyl-containing silica mesopore molecular sieve was
obtained.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product exhibited a
strong peak at a d value of 34.0 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution of the product by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption
method, it was found that the specific surface area was 970 m.sup.2
/g and the pore size was 2.1 nm.
EXAMPLE 6
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that 13.0 g of hexadecylamine
was used as a template instead of dodecylamine and that the amount
of ethanol was changed to 90 ml, 17.1 g of white powder was obtained.
From a 5 g portion of the white powder, the template was removed
in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby 3.3 g of a methyl-containing
silica mesopore molecular sieve was obtained.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product exhibited a
strong peak at a d value of 36.7 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface are and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 980 m.sup.2 /g and
the pore size was 2.3 nm.
EXAMPLE 7
In the same manner as in Example 2 except that 7.6 g of ethyltriethoxysilane
was used instead of methyltriethoxysilane, 17.5 g of a dried product
was obtained. A 10 g portion of the product was extracted in the
same manner as in Example 2 whereby 6.7 g of white powder was obtained.
The resulting powder exhibited water repellency and when suspended
in water, it floated on the surface of the water.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product exhibited a
strong peak at a d value of 32.9 .ANG..
An a result of measuring the specific surface are and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 1050 m.sup.2 /g and
the pore size was 2.2 nm.
EXAMPLE 8
In the same manner as in Example 2 except that 9.6 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane
was used instead of methyltriethoxysilane, 20.6 g of a dried product
was obtained. A 10 g portion of the product was extracted in the
same manner as in Example 2 whereby 6.2 g of white powder was obtained.
The resulting powder exhibited water repellency and when added to
water, it floated on the surface of the water.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product exhibited a
strong peak at a d value of 35.3 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface are and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 990 m.sup.2 /g and
the pore size was 2.2 nm.
EXAMPLE 9
In the same manner as in Example 2 except that 9.6 g of phenyltriethoxysilane
was used instead of methyltriethoxysilane, 19.2 g of a dried product
was obtained. A 10 g portion of the product was extracted in the
same manner as in Example 2 whereby 6.5 g of white powder was obtained.
The resulting powder exhibited water repellency and when added to
water, it floated on the surface of the water.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the product exhibited a
strong peak at a d value of 32.5 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface are and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 1000 m.sup.2 /g and
the pore size was 2.2 nm.
As a result of measuring infrared absorption spectrum, absorption
peaks attributable to a phenyl-silicon bond were observed at around
1430 cm.sup.-1 and 1130 cm.sup.-1.
EXAMPLE 10
In the same manner as in Example 2 in a 1000-ml beaker, 240 g
of ethanol and 30 g of dodecylamine were added to 300 g of distilled
water to dissolve the former in the latter. Under stirring, 99.6
g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 21.6 g of methyltriethoxysilane
were added, followed by the addition of 8.2 g of aluminum isopropoxide.
After stirring for about 30 minutes, the mixture in the form of
a slurry was obtained. The mixture was allowed to stand at 30.degree.
C. for 22 hours and reacted. The reaction mixture was filtered,
washed with water and then dried at 110.degree. C. for 5 hours,
whereby 58 g of the product was obtained as white powder. In order
to remove the template (amine) from the dried product to obtain
a mesopore substance, a 5 g portion of the dried product was dispersed
in 750 ml of a hydrochloric-acid-acidic ethanol (solution containing
a 0.1 mol-HCl/l). The dispersion was extracted at 60.degree. C.
for one hour, followed by filtration. This template-removing procedure
was repeated twice, in addition. The filtrate was washed with alcohol
and then dried at 100.degree. C. for 3 hours, whereby 3.1 g of a
methyl-containing silica.alumina mesopore molecular sieve was obtained.
The powder thus obtained exhibited water repellency and when added
to water, it floated on the surface of water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 33.0 .ANG..
The atomic ratio of silicon to aluminum was found to be 14 as a
result of fluorescent X-ray spectrophotometry.
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 920 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.2 nm.
EXAMPLE 11
In the same manner as in Example 10 except for the use of 2.28
g of tetraethyl orthotitanate instead of aluminum isopropoxide,
55.6 g of dry white powder was obtained. A 5 g portion of the white
powder was extracted in the same manner as in Example 2 whereby
3.4 g of methyl-containing silica.titania mesopore molecular sieve
was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water repellency and
when added to water, it floated on the surface of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 32.5 .ANG..
The atomic ratio of silicon to titanium was found to be 65 as a
result of fluorescent X-ray spectrophotometry.
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 1100 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.2 nm.
EXAMPLE 12
In the same manner as in Example 2 except for the use of 8.4 g
of 3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane instead of methyltriethoxysilane,
19. g of a dried product was obtained. A 10 g portion of the product
was extracted in the same manner as in Example 2 whereby 6.5 g
of white powder was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water
repellency and when added to water, it floated on the surface of
the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 32.1 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 1100 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.3 nm.
As a result of measuring infrared absorption spectrum, absorption
peaks attributable to a CF.sub.3 group were observed at around 1320
cm.sup.-1 1269 cm.sup.-1 and 1218 cm.sup.-1.
EXAMPLE 13
In the same manner as in Example 2 except for the use of 9.6 g
of 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane instead of methyltriethoxysilane,
20 g of a dried sample was obtained. A 10 g portion of the sample
was extracted in the same manner as in Example 2 whereby 7 g of
white powder was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water
repellency and when added to water, it floated on the surface of
the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 34.6 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 900 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.3 nm.
EXAMPLE 14
In the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amount of tetraethyl
orthosilicate was changed to 38 g and that 5.4 g of 3-cyclopentadienylpropyltriethoxysilane
(dimer) was used instead of methyltriethoxysilane, 18 g of a dried
sample was obtained. A 10 g portion of the sample was extracted
with alcohol in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby 6.9 g of
white powder was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water
repellency and when added to water, it floated on the surface of
the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 33 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 850 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.0 nm.
EXAMPLE 15
In the same manner as in Example 2 except for the use of 12 g
of dodecyltriethoxysilane instead of methyltriethoxysilane, 21 g
of a dried sample was obtained. A 10 g portion of the sample was
extracted with alcohol in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby
7.2 g of white powder was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited
water repellency and when added to water, it floated on the surface
of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 39 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 830 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.6 nm.
EXAMPLE 16
In the same manner as in Example 2 except that 6 g of n-dodecane
was used together with dodecylamine for the synthesis, 18 g of a
dried sample of a methyl-containing silica mesopore molecular sieve
was obtained. A 10 g portion of the sample was extracted with alcohol
in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby 6.2 g of white powder
was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water repellency and
when added to water, it floated on the surface of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 36 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 860 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 3 nm.
EXAMPLE 17
In the same manner as in Example 2 except for the use of 5.9 g
of dimethyldiethoxyeilane instead of methyltriethoxysilane, 15 g
of a dried sample of a methyl-containing silica mesopore molecular
sieve was obtained. A 10 g portion of the sample was extracted with
alcohol in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby 7.2 g of white
powder was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water repellency
and when added to water, it floated on the surface of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 32.6 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 1060 m.sup.2 /g, pore
volume was 0.76 cc/g and pore size was 2.3 nm.
As a result of infrared absorption spectrum, an absorption peak
attributable to a Si--CH.sub.3 group was observed at around 1265
cm.sup.-1.
EXAMPLE 18
In the same manner as in Example 2 except for the use of 9.4 g
of trimethylethoxysilane instead of methyltriethoxysilane for the
synthesis, 15 g of a dried sample of a methyl-containing silica
mesopore molecular sieve was obtained. A 10 g portion of the sample
was extracted with alcohol in the same manner as in Example 1 whereby
6.9 g of white powder was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited
water repellency and when added to water, it floated on the surface
of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 33.4 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 900 m.sup.2 /g, pore
volume was 0.65 cc/g and pore size was 2.2 nm.
As a result of infrared absorption spectrum, an absorption peak
attributable to a Si--CH.sub.3 group was observed at around 1255
cm.sup.-1.
EXAMPLE 19
In the same manner as in Example 2 except that 16.5 g of octylchlorosilane
was used instead of methyltriethoxysilane and aqueous ammonia was
added to adjust pH to 10 14.5 g of a dried sample of a octyldimethyloilyl-containing
silica mesopore molecular sieve was obtained. A 10 g portion of
the sample was extracted with alcohol in the same manner as in Example
1 whereby 7.9 g of white powder was obtained. The resulting powder
exhibited water repellency and when added to water, it floated on
the surface of the water.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting powder showed a
strong peak at a d value of 41.9 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 800 m.sup.2 /g, pore
volume was 0.76 cc/g and pore size was 2.4 nm.
As a result of infrared absorption spectrum, an absorption peak
attributable to a Si--CH.sub.3 group was observed at around 1257
cm.sup.-1.
EXAMPLE 20
In a 500-ml beaker, 4.8 g of polyoxyethylene (polymerization degree:
10) octylphenyl ether were added to 300 g of distilled water to
dissolve the former in the latter. Under stirring, 7.3 g of tetraethyl
orthosilicate, 12 g of tetramethyl orthosilicate and 6.5 g of methyltriethoxysilane
were added. The resulting mixture was reacted under stirring by
a stirrer at room temperature for 2.5 days. The reaction mixture
was filtered, washed with water and then dried at 110.degree. C.
for 5 hours, whereby 12.4 g of a dried product was obtained as white
powder. In order to remove the template (amine) from the dried product
to obtain a mesopore substance, a 5 g portion of the dried product
was dispersed in 750 ml of ethanol and extracted therewith at 60.degree.
C. for one hour, followed by filtration. This extraction and filtration
procedure was repeated and carried out three times in total. The
filtrate was then washed with alcohol and dried at 100.degree. C.
for 3 hours, whereby 3.2 g of a methyl-containing silica mesopore
molecular sieve was obtained. The resulting powder exhibited water
repellency and when added to water, it floated on the surface of
the water.
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, it
was found that the specific surface area was 880 m.sup.2 /g and
pore size was 2.5 nm.
As a result of infrared absorption spectrum, an absorption peak
attributable to the deformation vibration of a C.sub.3 --Si group
was observed at around 1280 cm.sup.-1.
As a result of differential thermal analysis (measured at a heating
rate of 15.degree. C./min in the air), weight reduction and exotherm
peak were found at around 640.degree. C.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of tetraethyl
orthosilicate was changed to 41.6 g and methyl triethoxysilane was
not added, the reaction was effected. The reaction mixture was filtered,
washed with water and then dried at 110.degree. C. for 5 hours,
whereby 18.7 g of a dried product was obtained as white powder.
In order to remove the template (amine) from the dried product to
obtain a mesopore substance, a 10 g portion of the dried product
was dispersed in 1500 ml of ethanol and extracted therewith at 60.degree.
C. for one hour, followed by filtration. This extraction and filtration
procedure was repeated twice, in addition. The filtrate was then
washed with alcohol and dried at 100.degree. C. for 3 hours, whereby
6.5 g of a silica mesopore molecular sieve was obtained. The resulting
powder did not exhibit water repellency and when added to water,
it sank under water.
The powder X-ray diffraction pattern exhibited a strong peak at
a d value of 36.2 .ANG..
As a result of measuring the specific surface area and pore size
distribution of the powder by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption
method, it was found that the specific surface area was 1000 m.sup.2
/g and pore size was 3.1 nm.
As a result of infrared absorption spectrum, no absorption peak
attributable to the deformation vibration of a CH.sub.3 --Si group
was observed.
As a result of differential thermal analysis (measured at a heating
rate of 15.degree. C./min in the air), no exotherm peak was found
at 400.degree. C. or higher.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2
In order to remove the template (amine) from the dried powder synthesized
in Comparative Example 1 and to obtain a mesopore substance, a 10
g portion of the dried product was calcined in the air at 250.degree.
C. for 2 hours and then at 550.degree. C. for 3 hours, whereby 6.3
g of a mesopore substance was obtained. A 2 g portion of the resulting
mesopore substance was dispersed in 20 g of trimethylsilyl chloride,
as an ordinarily-employed alkylsilylating agent, and 30 g of hexamethyldisiloxane.
Under stirring, the dispersion was treated for 20 hours under a
reflux condition. The reaction mixture was then filtered, washed
with acetone and dried. The sample so treated exhibited water repellency.
As a result of differential thermal analysis (measured at a heating
rate of 15.degree. C./min in the air), an exotherm peak was found
at 450.degree. C.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3
In order to remove the template (amine) from the dried powder synthesized
in Comparative Example 1 and to obtain a mesopore substance, a 10
g portion of the dried product was calcined in the air at 250.degree.
C. for 2 hours and then at 550.degree. C. for 3 hours, whereby 6.3
g of a silica mesopore substance was obtained. A 2 g portion of
the resulting silica mesopore substance was filled in a quartz-made
reaction tube and heated to 150.degree. C. The tube was then fed
with 100 cc/min of nitrogen and 10 cc/h of a 50/50 (volume) mixed
solution of methyltrimethoxysilane and benzene for 2 hours. After
completion of the feeding with the solution, only nitrogen was fed
at the same temperature for one hour. The sample so treated was
taken out after cooling.
As a result of differential thermal analysis (measured at a heating
rate of 15.degree. C./min in the air), an exotherm peak and weight
reduction were found at around 520.degree. C.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4
In the same manner as in Example 10 except that methyltriethoxysilane
was not added and the amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate was changed
to 123 g, a silicas alumina mesopore substance was obtained. In
order to remove the template (amine) from the dried powder so synthesized
and to obtain a mesopore substance, a 10 g portion of the dried
product was calcined in the air at 250.degree. C. for 2 hours and
at 550.degree. C. for 3 hours, whereby 6.4 g of a mesopore substance
was obtained. A 5 g portion of the resulting mesopore substance
was added to a solution of 3.6 g of methyltriethoxysilane in 50
ml of toluene, followed by silylation treatment at 100.degree. C.
for 9 hours, The reaction mixture was then filtered, washed sufficiently
with acetone and then subjected to vacuum drying (at 150.degree.
C. and 1 mmHg for 3 hours), whereby 5.6 g of a treated sample was
obtained.
As a result of measuring the specific surface area, pore volume
and pore size distribution by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption
method before and after the methylsilation, it was found that the
specific surface area decreased from 900 m.sup.2 /g to 700 m.sup.2
/g, the pore volume from 0.7 to 0.5 cc/g and pore size from 3 nm
to 2.5 nm.
The sample was dispersed in benzene and the acid amount was determined
by titration with a Dimethyl Yellow indicator (pKa=+3.3) in a 0.1
N n-butylamine benzene solution. As a result, it was confirmed that
the acid amount showed a drastic reduction from 0.34 mmol/g to 0.14
mmol/g The acid amount of the sample, which had been synthesized
in Example 10 was determined in the same manner as in the above-described
method and was found to be 0.33 mmol/g, which suggests that the
acid amount is high in the sample obtained by the process of the
present invention.
As a result of dif ferential thermal analysis (measured at a heating
rate of 15.degree. C./min in the air), an exotherm peak and weight
reduction were found at around 520.degree. C. The sample synthesized
in Example 10 showed an exotherm peak at 570.degree. C., higher
than the above temperature.
When the above-described methylsilylated sample was calcined at
600.degree. C. to remove the methyl group, the pore size showed
an increasing tendency from 2.5 nm to 2.6 nm. The sample synthesized
in Example 10 on the other hand, showed a decreasing tendency from
2.2 nm to 2.0 nm even by the same treatment and the behavior was
therefore different.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 5
From the silicae.alumina mesopore substance synthesized in the
same manner as in Comparative Example 4 the template (dodecylamine)
was removed in the same manner as in Example 10 using a hydrochloric-acid-acidity
alcohol solvent.
The resulting sample was trimethylsilylated in the same manner
as in Comparative Example 2 and thus treated sample was filtered,
washed sufficiently with acetone and subjected to vacuum drying
(at 150.degree. C. and 1 mmHg for 3 hours).
As a result of measuring the specific surface area, pore volume
and pore size distribution before and after the methylsilylation
by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption method, the specific surface
area showed a decrease from 960 m.sup.2 /g to 770 m.sup.2 /g, the
pore volume from 0.76 to 0.65 cc/g and the pore size from 3.1 nm
to 2.6 nm.
The sample was dispersed in benzene and the acid amount was determined
by titration with a Dimethyl Yellow indicator (pKa=+3.3) in a 0.1
N n-butylamine benzene solution. As a result, it was confirmed that
the acid amount showed a drastic reduction from 0.3 mmol/g to 0.17
mol/g. The acid amount of the sample, which had been synthesized
in Example 10 was determined in the same manner as in the above-described
method and was found to be 0.33 mmol/g, which suggests that the
acid amount is high in the sample obtained by the process of the
present invention.
When the above-described methylsilylated sample was calcined at
600.degree. C. to remove the methyl group, the pore size showed
an increasing tendency from 2.6 nm to 2.7 nm. The sample synthesized
in Example 10 on the other hand, showed a decreasing tendency from
2.2 nm to 2.0 nm even by the same treatment and the behavior was
therefore different.
Industrial Applicability
The present invention provides a novel mesopore molecular sieve
having a hydrocarbon group bonded directly to a silicon atom constituting
the skeleton and production process thereof. According to the process
of the present invention, it is possible to easily synthesize a
novel mesopore molecular sieve having a carbon-silicon bond while
controlling its content in a wide range. The mesopore molecular
sieve of the present invention is superior in a catalytic performance
as an acid catalyst or oxidation catalyst as compared to those having
a hydrocarbon-containing silicon introduced therein by the conventional
modification treatment. |